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Robert Creeley’s Poetics of Immediacy

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This paper examines some well-known poems of Robert Creeley in relation to the poetic trends of the sixties when divergent poetics began to emerge with distinct styles. Along with Charles Olson and others, Creeley originated and activated the projective verse of the Black Mountain School and following its credo developed his own individual style which engrossed the minds of the readers. His most effective poems are lyrical and personal. Through the poems his emotions and feelings are transmitted. Yet, while dealing with personal concerns, his style differs from the Romantics or other subjective poets in the past. His style is terse, demure and insinuating. Poetic effects are achieved through the use of “open” form, which implies being freed from the traditional frames of poetry and faithful to the moments of creation. Each poem’s rhythm adjusts to that of breath. Through the poems’ vibrant rhythm and sense of immediacy each poetic experience becomes more intense and direct and real on the readers' part. Creeley’s poems sound more natural and effective than before and resemble human breathing.

Abstract

This paper examines some well-known poems of Robert Creeley in relation to the poetic trends of the sixties when divergent poetics began to emerge with distinct styles. Along with Charles Olson and others, Creeley originated and activated the projective verse of the Black Mountain School and following its credo developed his own individual style which engrossed the minds of the readers. His most effective poems are lyrical and personal. Through the poems his emotions and feelings are transmitted. Yet, while dealing with personal concerns, his style differs from the Romantics or other subjective poets in the past. His style is terse, demure and insinuating. Poetic effects are achieved through the use of “open” form, which implies being freed from the traditional frames of poetry and faithful to the moments of creation. Each poem’s rhythm adjusts to that of breath. Through the poems’ vibrant rhythm and sense of immediacy each poetic experience becomes more intense and direct and real on the readers' part. Creeley’s poems sound more natural and effective than before and resemble human breathing.

참고문헌 (17)

  1. Allen,Donald, "Robert Creeley: Was That a Real Poem & other essays" (1979), Four Seasons Foundation
  2. Altieri, Charles, "Enlarging the Temple: New Directions in American Poetry during the 1960s" (1979), Associated University P
  3. Conniff, Brian, "The Lyricism of This World. Robert Creeley: The Poet’s Workshop", pp.289~300 (1984), The National Poetry Foundation
  4. Corman, Cid, "‘For Love’ Of. Robert Creeley’s Life and Work: A Sense of? Increment", pp.103~122 (1987), The U of Michigan P
  5. Creeley, Robert, "For Love: Poems 1950-1960" (1962), Charles Scribner’s Sons
  6. Creeley, Robert, "So There: Poems 1976-83" (1998), New Directions
  7. Creeley, Robert, "The Collected Poems of Robert Creeley, 1945-1975" (1982), U of California P
  8. Duncan, Robert, "After For Love in : Robert Creeley’s Life and Work: A Sense of Increment", pp.95~102 (1987), The U of Michigan P
  9. Edelberg, Cynthia. D, "Creeley’s Orphan Lines: The Rhythmic Character of the Sequences in : Robert Creeley: The Poet’s Workshop", pp.143~162 (1984), National Poetry Foundation
  10. Edelberg, Cynthia. D, "Robert Creeley’s Poetry: A Critical Introduction" (1978), U of New Mexico P
  11. Ford, Arthur, "Words in : Robert Creeley’s Life and Work: Sense of Increment", pp.157~174 (1987), The U of Michigan P
  12. Keller, Lynn, "Re-making In New: Contemporary American poetry and the modernist tradition" (1987), Cambridge UP
  13. Lambert, Christopher, "Possibilities of Conclusion in : Robert Creeley’s Life and Work: A Sense of Increment", pp.321~334 (1987), The U of Michigan P
  14. Macgowan, Christopher, "Twentieth-Century American Poetry" (2004), Blackwell?Publishing
  15. Olson, Charles, "Statements on Poetics in : The New American Poetry, 1945-1960", pp.386~401 (1999), U of California P
  16. Perkins, David, "A History of Modern Poetry: Modernism and After" (1987), Harvard UP
  17. Wagner, Linda. W, "Oh, Pioneers!’ One Sense of Creeley’s ‘Place.’ in : Robert Creeley: The Poet’s Workshop", pp.175~181 (1984), The National Poetry Foundation

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