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월러스 스티븐스의 장소의식

Wallace Stevens’s Consciousness of Place

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Even though Wallace Stevens says, “It is life that we are trying to get at in poetry,” and “for me life is an affair of places,” Steven’s inclination of epistemological approach toward nature leads to the realization that “we live in a place that is not our own, and much more not ourselves.” Bryson positively interprets this as the consciousness of space which completes the consciousness of place by understanding the human limitations. When Stevens shows his consciousness of place in “The Anecdote of Jar,” and “Snow Man,” which are examples to transform the “space” of wilderness into a “place” with the help of organic imagination, his consciousness of space leads him to “an awakened place-awareness,” the understanding that the inner mind of human beings including imagination is made of his own place and the place molds our being. Place-making is made possible by our identification with the surrounding environment through “violence of imagination” but not by exploitation based on ownership. By our identification with it, nature (or the surrounding environment) reveals itself, through our culture (in case of “The Anecdote of Jar”), and ourselves (in case of “Snow Man”). Organic imagination here means the force of nature and a part of our being. Stevens’ long and changing inquiries of the relationship between reality and imagination find a restful port in his consciousness of place without any sacrifice of either.

Abstract

Even though Wallace Stevens says, “It is life that we are trying to get at in poetry,” and “for me life is an affair of places,” Steven’s inclination of epistemological approach toward nature leads to the realization that “we live in a place that is not our own, and much more not ourselves.” Bryson positively interprets this as the consciousness of space which completes the consciousness of place by understanding the human limitations. When Stevens shows his consciousness of place in “The Anecdote of Jar,” and “Snow Man,” which are examples to transform the “space” of wilderness into a “place” with the help of organic imagination, his consciousness of space leads him to “an awakened place-awareness,” the understanding that the inner mind of human beings including imagination is made of his own place and the place molds our being. Place-making is made possible by our identification with the surrounding environment through “violence of imagination” but not by exploitation based on ownership. By our identification with it, nature (or the surrounding environment) reveals itself, through our culture (in case of “The Anecdote of Jar”), and ourselves (in case of “Snow Man”). Organic imagination here means the force of nature and a part of our being. Stevens’ long and changing inquiries of the relationship between reality and imagination find a restful port in his consciousness of place without any sacrifice of either.

참고문헌 (23)

  1. 양승호, "지상의 위대한 시: 월러스 스티븐스의 생태학적 상상력", 현대영미시연구, 11(2), pp.77~106 (2005), 한국현대영미시학회
  2. 윤일환, "스티븐스의 “최상의 허구”와 존재의 시", 현대영미시연구, 11(2), pp.107~134 (2005), 한국현대영미시학회
  3. 진경혜, "Wallace Stevens와 현실", 박사, 영어 영문학과, pp.1995
  4. Abrams, M. H., "The Norton Anthology of English Literature. Vol Ⅱ. 4th ed" (1979), Norton & Company, Inc.
  5. Berry. Wendell, "A Timbered Choir: The Sabbath Poems" (1999), Counterpoint
  6. Bevis, William W., "Mind of Winter: Wallace Stevens, Meditation, and Literature" (1988), U of Pittsburgh P
  7. Blake, William, "Nature as Imagination. in: The Green Studies Reader: From Romanticism to Ecocriticism", pp.16~ (2000), Routledge
  8. Bryson, J. Scott, "Place, Space, and Ecopoetry: The West Side of Any Mountain" (2005), U of Iowa P
  9. Buell, Lawrence, "The Environmental Imagination: Thoreau, Nature Writing, and the Formation of American Culture" (1995), Harvard UP
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  11. Langbaum, Robert, "The Modern Spirit" (1970), Oxford UP
  12. Miller, Hillis, "Wallace Stevens' Poetry of Being. in: The Act of the Mind: Essays on the Poetry of Wallace Stevens", pp.143~162 (1965), The Johns Hopkins UP
  13. Oliver, Mary, "New and Selected Poems. Vol. Ⅱ" (1992), Beacon Press
  14. Regueiro, Helen, "The Limits of Imagination: Wordsworth, Yeats, and Stevens" (1976), Cornell UP
  15. Rotella, Guy, "Reading and Writing Nature: The Poetry of Robert Frost, Wallace Stevens, Marianne Moore, and Elizabeth Bishop" (1991), Northeastern UP
  16. Snyder, Gary, "Turtle Island" (1974), A New Directions Book
  17. Stevens, Wallace, "The Collected Poems of Wallace Stevens" (1982), Random House
  18. Stevens, Wallace, "Letters of Wallace Stevens" (1996), U of California P
  19. Stevens, Wallace, "The Necessary Angel: Eassays on Reality and the Imagination" (1951), A Divison of Random House
  20. Stevens, Wallace, "Opus Posthumous by Wallace Stevens" (1985), A Division of Random House, Inc.
  21. Susuki, Daisetz Teitaro, "Zen Buddhism" (1956), Doubleday Anchor Books
  22. Tuan, Yi-Fu, "Space and Place: The Perspective of Experience" (1977), U of Minnesota P
  23. Voros, Gyorgyi, "Notations of the Wild: Ecology in the Poetry of Wallace Stevens" (1997), U of Iowa P

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