ISIS가 아랍민주화 과정에 끼친 영향 : 아랍민주화와 ISIS 발생과정을 중심으로
An Influence of ISIS on the Process of Arab Democratization: the Rise of ISIS in Iraq and Syria
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2011년 시작되었던 아랍 민주화 시위는 튀니지와 이집트, 리비아, 등 북아프리카 국가들의 군부권력을 무너뜨렸다. 그 후 아랍민주화의 물결은 모로코, 알제리, 수단, 요르단, 바레인, 쿠웨이트, 사우디아라비아를 넘어서 비(非)아랍 중동권인 이란에서도 민주화에 대한 시민들의 요구가 반정부 투쟁으로 진행되어 아랍세계를 긴장시켰다. 북아프리카 아랍 국가들에서 발생하였던 민주화 시위는 아랍지역에 민주주의를 정착시키지 못한 채 ISIS라는 국제적으로 유래가 없는 무장 조직을 탄생시키는 결과를 가져왔다. 그로 인하여 아랍세계의 민주화는 요원해졌고, 오히려 아랍세계는 내부 갈등에 시달리고 있다. 민주화 시위가 일어났던 아랍 국가들에서 민주주의가 제대로 정착하지 못하고 있는 이유는 단순하지 않다. 또한 북아프리카 까지 확산되어가고 있는 ISIS의 연계조직은 아랍국가들의 민주화를 더욱 더디게 할 것이다. ISIS 등장 후 미국을 위시한 자유민주주의 세계와 ISIS의 전쟁은 전세계를 테러의 공포로 몰아넣었다. 즉 ISIS의 등장이후 세계는 더욱더 위험한 상황이 되었는데, ISIS 축출이 현실화 되고 있지만 중동에서 언제든 이와 같은 무장 단체들이 발흥 할 수 있다는 점은 상기해야 할 것으로 보인다.
Abstract
The pro-democracy protests that had begun in 2011 overthrew the military power of the North African countries including Tunisia, Egypt and Libya. Then the wave of the Arab democratization alerted the whole Arab world beyond Morocco, Algeria, Sudan, Jordan, Bahrain, Kuwait, and Saudi Arabia, as the demand of the citizens on democratization in Iran, a non-Arab Middle East country, proceeded to an antigovernment campaign. The pro-democratization protests in the North African Arab countries just resulted in the birth of an internationally unprecedented armed group called ISIS without democracy taking root in the Arab region. This made the democratization of the Arab world a distant hope and the Arab world suffer from internal conflicts. There are complicated reasons why democracy has failed to take right root in the Arab countries where the pro-democratization protests occurred. On top of that, the ISIS-related organizations that are spreading as far as the North African region will further slow down the democratization of the Arab countries.
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