조선시대 三和尙(지공·나옹·무학)의 위상과 추념

Abstract

This paper is for the study dealing with status and tribute of the three great masters, the reverend Jigong, Naong, and Muhak, who worked in the late period of Goryeo and the early period of Joseon Korea. Since the time, from the late period of Goryeo and the early period of Joseon, the reverend Jigong and Naong had been called as the incarnation of Buddha and the living Buddha. And the reverend Muhak was the teacher for the King, Lee Seong'gye, and in the lineage of the reverend Naong. Their schools mainly led the buddhist world in the early period of Joseon Korea and were admired as the representative high priests also in the time of Mountain buddhism, the late period of Joseon Korea. The reverend Naong and Muhak were not only nominated as the eighteen abbots with the sixteen national teachers of the Song'gwang monastery, the place of Three Jewels, but the three great masters were also admired as the buddhist dharma teachers whenever the buddhist rituals were performed. Moreover their portraits were placed and worshiped nationwide including the Hoe'am monastery, the best place of the three great masters. After the Japanese invasion of Korea, the movement of reconstructing the nation was developed and the status of the King Seongjo, Lee Seong'gye, was reviewed again. Simultaneously the status of the reverend Muhak was also re-explored with the his teacher Jigong and Naong together. As the best three great masters, Jigong, Naong, and Muhak became the figures for admiration and tribute in the Joseon Korea and the buddhist world.