해인사의 3⋅1운동

Abstract

Buddhism is a popular religion. For example, most of the Mahayana Buddhist scriptures are preamble to the scriptures with the four kinds of people gathering to hold Buddhist lecture meeting. The preamble begins with “Thus I have heard” describes all surrounding conditions, including when, where, and the audience of the sermon. The March 1st Movement(the Samil Independence Movement) was one of the most important events that occurred when the Buddha's teachings met with modern Korean society, which was led by the Buddhist community. In other words, it was a case involving many Koreans, regardless of men and women, the elderly and boys, monks and ordinary people. In this regard, the “The March 1st Movement and Haeinsa” recorded by Hyodang Choi Beom-sul half a century ago can be found in the modern educational institutions of Haein temple(Haeinsa) about the following facts on the The March 1st Movement, a historical event of a century ago. First, Hyodang Choi Beom-sul’s memoir about the March 1st Movement in Haein Temple has important historical value. His memoir became the basis of various history books, and later the March 1st movement in Haein temple was mainly dealt with in one small unit. Second, after the March 1st Movement in Haein Temple, participants continued their independence movements, with a patriotic group ‘Uiyeoldan’ and ‘Mandang’ in Korea and abroad. Shin Cheol-Hue, a mastermind of the Miryang Incident, was engaged in the activities of ‘Uiyeoldan’ in Korea, while Hyodang Choi Beom-Sul planned the assassination of the Japanese Emperor along with Park Yeol and others in Japan. Afterwards, they lived in Dasol temple(Dasolsa) and Haein temple, and secretly provided the foundation for ‘Mandang’, to promote Korean Independence along with various patriots such as Kim Beop-rin and Kim Beom-bu. Third, the March 1st Movement in Haein Temple was based on Haein Local school and Haein elementary school as modern educational institutions of Haein Temple, Haein Local school was the secondary education course, Haein elementary school was an elementary education course. Since then, many students and teachers participated in the Independence Movement and the founding of the Republic of Korea and education. For example, Jeong Gwang-ho, then a teacher at Haein elementary School, and Choi Beom-sul, a student at Haein local school, became Constituent Assembly legislators, and participated directly in the founding of South Korea. As a result, if we look at Choi Beom-sul’s a memoir “the March 1st Movement and Haein Temple”, we can know that the participants of the March 1st Movement were monks and ordinary peoples like the four kinds of people gathering to hold Buddhist lecture meeting in the Mahayana Buddhist scriptures. In that sense, the teachers and students in Haein temple, who understood it and faithfully carried out it, were the past, present and future aspects of Buddhists. Unfortunately, however, such valuable records of the past do not remain in any material that conveys the history in Haein temple.