『대보적경』 「우바리회」에 나타난 성문승과 보살승의 지계 차이

Abstract

The Mahāyāna Precept has been researched as the opposing concept of the Śrāvakayāna Precept as a standard of the independent Mahāyāna body. However, as it was revealed through recent studies that Mahāyānists commonly reside within sects, it became necessary to reexamine the Sūtra of the Mahāyāna Commandments. This article reviewed the 「Upāliparipṛcchā」 and verified contents that state that the Mahāyāna Precept can be mistaken as a standard for independent religious bodies. In sum, the pārājika(波羅夷) and saṁghādisesa(僧殘) as prescribed in the Mahāyāna Precept along with associated laws of punishment are unrelated to behavior norms set for the operation of religious bodies. The Mahāyāna Precept puts cetanakarma into the pāṭimokkha(波羅提木叉) and asserts it as a norm for Buddhist saints. Furthermore, it specifies the difference between the violated Precepts of Śrāvakayāna and Bodhisattvayāna. This results in ideological developments of Bodhisattva Path and Bodhicitta that must be possessed by Mahāyāna bodhisattvas. As Mahāyānists depend on Vinaya while they stay within Buddhist sects, they did not need separate regulations for the maintenance of saṃgha. In other words, the identity of the Mahāyāna Precept is recognized in its contents but it was probably not used as a standard for independent religious bodies.