Korean Teachers’ Communication Styles and a Listening Skill as a Key to Their Cross-cultural Teaching
0
조회
0
다운로드
4
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
As a process of exchanging information and feelings, communication plays a significant role in human life. At the same time, communication is the heart of the learning process. Through communication, people are able to teach and learn. However, communication is not free from the influence of culture. Although Korea is in a transitional Western culture, there are unique characteristics in communication patterns in Korean classroom due to the traditional Korean culture. As a high-context and collectivistic culture, Korean culture leads people to communicate in indirect, implicit ways. Also, one-sided communication is pervasive in Korean classrooms according to Confucianism. Furthermore, many Korean teachers employ authoritarian manners in teaching their students according to the Confucian mindset. These cultural characteristics of communication can be a hindrance to effective interaction between teachers and students, particularly in cross-cultural contexts. The first goal of this study is to provide Korean teachers, who will teach in other cultures, with a better understanding of their own culture and communication styles. The second goal of this study is to offer listening skills as the first step for a culturally responsive teaching. Here, the importance of listening skills for cross-cultural teaching was examined and rediscovered. Many Korean teachers exercise a one-way communication in their classrooms. They are not adequately trained for open communication. Therefore, Korean teachers need to enhance their listening skill as the key to developing a successful cross-cultural teaching. In order to learn another culture, one must build a close relationship with students in different cultures, and make a connection to their communities; listening can be the first step.
Abstract
As a process of exchanging information and feelings, communication plays a significant role in human life. At the same time, communication is the heart of the learning process. Through communication, people are able to teach and learn. However, communication is not free from the influence of culture. Although Korea is in a transitional Western culture, there are unique characteristics in communication patterns in Korean classroom due to the traditional Korean culture. As a high-context and collectivistic culture, Korean culture leads people to communicate in indirect, implicit ways. Also, one-sided communication is pervasive in Korean classrooms according to Confucianism. Furthermore, many Korean teachers employ authoritarian manners in teaching their students according to the Confucian mindset. These cultural characteristics of communication can be a hindrance to effective interaction between teachers and students, particularly in cross-cultural contexts. The first goal of this study is to provide Korean teachers, who will teach in other cultures, with a better understanding of their own culture and communication styles. The second goal of this study is to offer listening skills as the first step for a culturally responsive teaching. Here, the importance of listening skills for cross-cultural teaching was examined and rediscovered. Many Korean teachers exercise a one-way communication in their classrooms. They are not adequately trained for open communication. Therefore, Korean teachers need to enhance their listening skill as the key to developing a successful cross-cultural teaching. In order to learn another culture, one must build a close relationship with students in different cultures, and make a connection to their communities; listening can be the first step.
참고문헌 (39)
- Adamson, J., "Twayne’s new critical introductions to Shakespeare: Troilus and Cressida" (1987), Twayne Publishers
- Andersen, Peter A., "Cross-cultural and Intercultural Communication", pp.73~90 (2003), Sage Publications
- Bonhoeffer, D., "Life Together : The Classic Exploration of Faith in Community" (1954), Harper & Row Publishers
- Borden, Jonathan F., "Confucious Meets Piaget : An Educational Perspective on Ethnic Korean Children and Their Parent" (2003), Seoul Foreign School
- Chang, Hui-Ching, "Cross-cultural Interpersonal Communication", pp.28~57 (1991), Sage
- 최봉도, "다문화 환경 속에서의 교회학교 교육", 신학과 실천, (24), pp.213~237 (2010), 한국실천신학회
- Connor, Mary E., "The Koreas" (2009), ABC-CLIO
- Garland, Diana R., "Family Ministry : A Comprehensive Guide" (2012), IVP Academic
- Gay, Geneva, "Culturally Responsive Teaching: Theory, Research, and Practice" (2000), Teachers College Press
- Gorman, Julie A., "Community That is Christian : A Handbook on Small Group" (2002), Baker Books
- Grunlan, Stephen, "Marriage and the Family : A Christian Perspective" (2013), Wipf and Stock Publishers
- Gudykunst, William B., "Bridging Differences: Effective Intergroup Communication" (1998), Sage Publication
- Gudykunst, William B., "Cross-cultural and Intercultural Communication", pp.7~34 (2003), Sage Publications
- Hall, Edward T., "Beyond Culture" (1976), Doubleday
- Hofstede, Geert, "Culture’s Consequences: International Difference in Work Related Values" (1980), Sage Publications
- Hofstede, Geert, "Hofstede’s Culture Dimensions: An Independent Validation Using Rokeach's Value Survey", Journal of Cross-cultural Psychology, 15, pp.417~433 (1984)
- Hybels, Saundra, "Communicating Effectively" (2004), McGraw-Hill Companies
- Kim, Min-Sun, "A Cross-cultural Comparison of Implicit Theories of Requesting", Communication Monographs, 61, pp.210~235 (1994)
- Kim, Min-Sun, "Individual- vs. Culture-level Dimensions of Individualism and Collectivism: Effects of Preferred Conversational Styles", Communication Monographs, 63, pp.38~49 (1996)
- 계재광, "유교문화가 한국교회 리더십 형성에 미친 영향 - 유교의 권위주의 영향을 중심으로 -", 신학과 실천, (22), pp.77~106 (2010), 한국실천신학회
- 구병옥, "인성회복을 이끄는 목회: 우리들교회를 중심으로", 신학과 실천, (58), pp.525~550 (2018), 한국실천신학회[DOI]
- 이정관, "Educational and Pastoral Care and Communication with Multicultural Family", 신학과 실천, (40), pp.267~291 (2014), 한국실천신학회
- 이수인, "The possibilities of Constructivist Approaches for Effective Teacher Education in the churches", 신학과 실천, (37), pp.543~573 (2013), 한국실천신학회
- Lingenfelter, Judith E., "Teaching Cross-culturally : An Incarnational Model for Learning and Teaching" (2003), Baker Academic
- Lustig, Myron W., "Intercultural Competence" (1999), Addison-Wesley Longman
- McDaniel, Edwin R., "Intercultural Communication: A reader", pp.5~15 (2014), Cengage Learning
- Min, Pyong G., "Changes and Conflicts: Korean Immigrant Families in New York" (1998), Allyn and Bacon
- Moore, Kenneth D., "Effective Instructional Strategies: From Theory to Practice" (2005), Sage Publication
- Orbe, Mark P., "Interracial Communication: Theory into Practice" (2001), Wadsworth
- Parrot, Les, "Love Talk: Speak Each Other’s Language like You Never Have Before" (2004), Zondervan
- Pike, Robert W., "Creative Training Technique Handbook: Tips, Tactics, and How-tos for Delivering Effective Training" (2002), HRD Press Inc
- Powell, Robert G., "Classroom Communication and Diversity" (2004), Lawrence Erlbaum Associates
- Purdy, Michael, "Listening in Everyday Life" (1996), University of America Press
- Samovar, Larry A., "Communication Between Cultures" (2016), Cengage Learning
- Sande, Ken, "The Peacemaker : A Biblical Guide to Resolving Personal Conflict" (2004), Baker Books
- Seo, Min-Jung, "A Cross Cultural Understanding of Intergenerational Relationship In Korean Immigrant Family", International Journal of Gerontological Social Welfare, 13, pp.233~245 (2005)
- 성민경, "DISC 행동유형검사를 활용한 예비부부 교육", 신학과 실천, (36), pp.541~560 (2013), 한국실천신학회
- Yi, Jung-Soon, "Husbands and Wives Communication Styles in Marital Interaction", The Journal of Korean Home Economics Association, 29, pp.175~190 (1991)
- Yum, Y. O., "Maintaining Relationships through Communication", pp.277~298 (2003), Lawrence Erlbaum Associates