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영화 <디 아워스>에서 시간 속에 갇힌 인물들

Trapped in Time: The Portrayal of the Characters in The Hours

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초록

Stephen Daldry’s The Hours (2002) is an adaptation of Michael Cunningham’s The Hours: The Novel (1998), which recreates Virginia Woolf’s Mrs. Dalloway (1925). In Daldry’s film, as in Cunningham’s novel, Woolf herself appears as a character, and we are introduced to different versions of Clarissa Dalloway in different periods. In this unique postmodern text, the characters resemble one another, each becoming someone else’s reference. In a way, all of them are trapped in time—either the present or the past—and cannot move on with their lives. Virginia, a writer in the 1920s UK, suffers from depression surrounded by the stifling patriarchal medical authority; Laura, a lesbian housewife living in LA in the 1950s, feels suffocated in her heterosexual marriage; Clarissa, a lesbian book editor in 2000s New York, is still caught up in the memory of her unfulfilled love of a long time ago. This paper discusses how the film narrativizes and visualizes the characters’ feelings of confinement not only through the unique storyline and characterization but also through specific film techniques. It also analyzes how the characters’ acts of creation such as cooking or writing are portrayed as important methods of enduring and escaping time.

Abstract

Stephen Daldry’s The Hours (2002) is an adaptation of Michael Cunningham’s The Hours: The Novel (1998), which recreates Virginia Woolf’s Mrs. Dalloway (1925). In Daldry’s film, as in Cunningham’s novel, Woolf herself appears as a character, and we are introduced to different versions of Clarissa Dalloway in different periods. In this unique postmodern text, the characters resemble one another, each becoming someone else’s reference. In a way, all of them are trapped in time—either the present or the past—and cannot move on with their lives. Virginia, a writer in the 1920s UK, suffers from depression surrounded by the stifling patriarchal medical authority; Laura, a lesbian housewife living in LA in the 1950s, feels suffocated in her heterosexual marriage; Clarissa, a lesbian book editor in 2000s New York, is still caught up in the memory of her unfulfilled love of a long time ago. This paper discusses how the film narrativizes and visualizes the characters’ feelings of confinement not only through the unique storyline and characterization but also through specific film techniques. It also analyzes how the characters’ acts of creation such as cooking or writing are portrayed as important methods of enduring and escaping time.

참고문헌 (23)

  1. 고현철, "소설 『디 아워스』와 영화 <디 아워스>의 포스트모더니즘적 성격과 그 해석", 문학과 영상, 8(3), pp.39~60 (2007), 문학과영상학회
  2. 로, "제임스조이스저널", 2003, 193~217, pp.한국제임스조이스학회
  3. 박민영, "영화 <디 아워스(The Hours)>에 나타난 이미지의 상징성", 국제언어문학, (34), pp.273~294 (2016), 국제언어문학회
  4. 박인영, "<디 아워스>의 오프닝 시퀀스 연구", 영화연구, (59), pp.157~183 (2014), 한국영화학회[DOI]
  5. 성정희, "영화 <디 아워스(The Hours)>에 나타난 인물 변용과 댈러웨이 부인의우울증 해소 과정", 영화와 문학치료, 4, pp.261~280 (2010)
  6. AbdelRahman, Fadwa, "From Page to Celluloid: Michael Cunningham’s The Hours", Alif: Journal of Comparative Poetics, 28, pp.150~164 (2008)
  7. Barthes, Rolan, "Theories of Authorship: A Reader", pp.208~213 (1999), Routledge
  8. Chatman, Seymore, "A Companion to Narrative Theory", pp.269~281 (2008), Blackwell
  9. Cunningham, Michael, "The Hours: A Novel" (1998), Picador
  10. Dolan, Josephine, "Adaptation in Contemporary Culture: Textual Infidelities", pp.174~185 (2009), Continuum
  11. Fetzer, Margret, "Reading as Creative Intercourse: Michael Cunningham’s and Stephen Daldry’s The Hours", Anglistick, 19(1), pp.65~83 (2008)
  12. and, "Screening Woolf: Virginia Woolf on", pp.Fairleigh Dickinson UP, in Film
  13. Leavenworth, Maria Lindgren, "A Life as Potent and Dangerous as Literature Itself: Intermediated Moves from Mrs. Dalloway to The Hours", Journal of Popular Culture, 43(3), pp.503~523 (2010)
  14. LeBlanc, Michael, "Melancholic Arrangements: Music, Queer Melodrama, and the Seeds of Transformation in The Hours", Camera Obscura: Feminism, Culture, and Media Studies, 21(1)통권 : 61, pp.105~145 (2006)
  15. Michlin, Monica, "Expanding Adaptation: Intertextuality and Remediation in Stephen Daldry’s The Hours", Interfaces: Image, Texte, Langauge, 34(13), pp.139~164 (2012)
  16. Pidduck, Julianne, "The Times of The Hours: Queer Melodrama and the Dilemma of Marriage", Camera Obscura: Feminism, Culture, and Media Studies, 28(1)통권 : 82, pp.37~67 (2013)
  17. Schiff, James., "An Interview with Michael Cunningham", The Missouri Review, 26(2), pp.111~128 (2003)
  18. Sheehan, Maureen, "The Hours: The ‘As-If’ Personality and Problems of Loving", Journal of Analytical Psychology, 49, pp.413~420 (2004)
  19. Tan, Yuh-yi., "Phantasies, Motherhood, and Genealogy in The Hours", The Wenshan Review of Literature and Culture, 22, pp.105~153 (2009)
  20. "The Hours. Dir. Stephen Daldry. Perf. Nicole Kidman, Julianne Moore, Meryl Streep. Paramount Pictures, 2002. Film", ~ (2002)
  21. Wiener, Diane R, "Depression and Narrative:Telling the Dark", pp.157~164 (2008), State U of New York P
  22. Woolf, Virginia, "Authors on Film", pp.86~91 (1972), Indiana UP
  23. Woolf, Virginia, "Mrs. Dalloway" (1953), Harvest Books

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