A New World of Things: Rethinking Natural History in the Early Modern Atlantic World
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Recent scholarship has emphasized the prominent role that natural historyplayed among early modern literary genres. Less attention has beenpaid, however, to the crucial role that the translation from Spanish textsabout the New World played in the making of this early modern genre. This paper will begin to address this lacuna by focusing on the naturalhistories written by the Spanish chronicler Gonzalo Fernández de Oviedoy Valdés (1478-1557). Despite his marginalization by modern historiansof science, Oviedo was the first point of reference for all subsequentwriters about the New World, the “modern Pliny.” The transmission ofhis works into sixteenth- and seventeenth-century England, especially,provide a crucial link in the history of modern science and the ScientificRevolution. Thus, Oviedo’s La Natural hystoria de las Indias (1526) was the earliestsustained European treatment of the natural environment of theCaribbean, and it was also one of the most influential in a long earlymodern tradition of natural history writing about the New World, goingthrough multiple Spanish editions and being translated into Italian,English, and French. This paper focuses on the legacy of Oviedo’s naturalhistorical writing in the English context, beginning with RichardEden’s 1555 translation and its many readers in the sixteenth and seventeenthcenturies, from the painter John White to the president of theRoyal Society of London, Hans Sloane.
Abstract
Recent scholarship has emphasized the prominent role that natural historyplayed among early modern literary genres. Less attention has beenpaid, however, to the crucial role that the translation from Spanish textsabout the New World played in the making of this early modern genre. This paper will begin to address this lacuna by focusing on the naturalhistories written by the Spanish chronicler Gonzalo Fernández de Oviedoy Valdés (1478-1557). Despite his marginalization by modern historiansof science, Oviedo was the first point of reference for all subsequentwriters about the New World, the “modern Pliny.” The transmission ofhis works into sixteenth- and seventeenth-century England, especially,provide a crucial link in the history of modern science and the ScientificRevolution. Thus, Oviedo’s La Natural hystoria de las Indias (1526) was the earliestsustained European treatment of the natural environment of theCaribbean, and it was also one of the most influential in a long earlymodern tradition of natural history writing about the New World, goingthrough multiple Spanish editions and being translated into Italian,English, and French. This paper focuses on the legacy of Oviedo’s naturalhistorical writing in the English context, beginning with RichardEden’s 1555 translation and its many readers in the sixteenth and seventeenthcenturies, from the painter John White to the president of theRoyal Society of London, Hans Sloane.
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