신경다양성과 투렛 증후군 - 『엄마 없는 브루클린』의 투렛 서사
Neurodiversity and Tourette Syndrome: Tourette Narrative in Motherless Brooklyn
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The uniqueness of Jonathan Lethem’s Motherless Brooklyn lies in the use of Tourette syndrom and the verbal tick in its multilayered narratives. Despite a detective and coming-of-age story, the verbal tick introduced in the novel not only defamilirizes the narrative frames of these typical genres but also extends tourette syndrome as a metaphor for the space of Brooklyn, New York and its residents beyond the protagonist’s personal neurological disorder. Thus Tourette syndrome is not just a congenital disorder. It becomes the socio cultural site from where the contemporary postmodern world cannot free itself. In the novel, Lethem, as a “destroyer of genre,” delves into the popular culture such as Prince’s punk music and Don Martin’s Mad cartoons in search of traces of Tourette syndrome embedded in the contemporary unconscious. Dr. Seuss’s On Beyond Zebra is one of the Children’s books that the author quotes in order to expose the limit of twenty six letters in the alphabet in representing the Touretter’s verbal tic. All these narrative attempts of Lethem share the acceptance of neurodiversity with the implication that tourette syndrom needs to be respected as a social category like gender, race and sexual taste. Furthermore, just like Handler’s memoir, Twitch and Shout: A Touretter’s Tale diagonoses neurological disorder as a neuro wave of the future, Motherless Brooklyn shares the posthuman epistemology by defying the binary opposition of normal/abnormal and accepting neurodiversity as a natural phenomenon.
Abstract
The uniqueness of Jonathan Lethem’s Motherless Brooklyn lies in the use of Tourette syndrom and the verbal tick in its multilayered narratives. Despite a detective and coming-of-age story, the verbal tick introduced in the novel not only defamilirizes the narrative frames of these typical genres but also extends tourette syndrome as a metaphor for the space of Brooklyn, New York and its residents beyond the protagonist’s personal neurological disorder. Thus Tourette syndrome is not just a congenital disorder. It becomes the socio cultural site from where the contemporary postmodern world cannot free itself. In the novel, Lethem, as a “destroyer of genre,” delves into the popular culture such as Prince’s punk music and Don Martin’s Mad cartoons in search of traces of Tourette syndrome embedded in the contemporary unconscious. Dr. Seuss’s On Beyond Zebra is one of the Children’s books that the author quotes in order to expose the limit of twenty six letters in the alphabet in representing the Touretter’s verbal tic. All these narrative attempts of Lethem share the acceptance of neurodiversity with the implication that tourette syndrom needs to be respected as a social category like gender, race and sexual taste. Furthermore, just like Handler’s memoir, Twitch and Shout: A Touretter’s Tale diagonoses neurological disorder as a neuro wave of the future, Motherless Brooklyn shares the posthuman epistemology by defying the binary opposition of normal/abnormal and accepting neurodiversity as a natural phenomenon.
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