영국 낭만시에서 도시와 시골 차이의 해체적 구성 - 블레이크, 워즈워스, 피학성애
The Différance of City and Country in British Romantic Poetry: Blake, Wordsworth, Masochism
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Whereas Romanticism, particularly the British one because of its motherland’s leading role in the Industrial Revolution and mean urbanization, was a critical field that was traditionally dominated by the city/ country binarism, it is now surely accepted that Romantic attitudes toward the city were more nuanced and complicated than could have been understood in such a set pattern. This new wave, however, results in another bias by focusing on the repressed urbanity of Romantic poetry and so alienating the country now, not the city as of old, from its discursive angle. Hereupon, this essay aims not just to “reverse” but to “neutralize” the socio-spacial hierarchy of city and country in Romantic poetry in a full cycle of Derridean deconstruction. For the purpose, this essay takes William Blake and William Wordsworth as examples and reads their poetry in terms of masochism, in Leo Bersani’s definition, a psychic strategy of detouring the inherently destructive sexual energy through an aesthetic framing. It argues that Golgonooza, the ideal city of Blake in opposition to London, and Grasmere, the ideal country of Wordsworth in opposition to London again, are an object for each poet’s masochistic desire and as such ever in the process of self-shattering in a dialectic with the opposed object. Thus the conclusions drawn are that it is still valid to read Romantic poetry in terms of the difference of the city and the country and that the difference needs to be understood in the sense of différance, that is, the difference as it is produced and deferred simultaneously.
Abstract
Whereas Romanticism, particularly the British one because of its motherland’s leading role in the Industrial Revolution and mean urbanization, was a critical field that was traditionally dominated by the city/ country binarism, it is now surely accepted that Romantic attitudes toward the city were more nuanced and complicated than could have been understood in such a set pattern. This new wave, however, results in another bias by focusing on the repressed urbanity of Romantic poetry and so alienating the country now, not the city as of old, from its discursive angle. Hereupon, this essay aims not just to “reverse” but to “neutralize” the socio-spacial hierarchy of city and country in Romantic poetry in a full cycle of Derridean deconstruction. For the purpose, this essay takes William Blake and William Wordsworth as examples and reads their poetry in terms of masochism, in Leo Bersani’s definition, a psychic strategy of detouring the inherently destructive sexual energy through an aesthetic framing. It argues that Golgonooza, the ideal city of Blake in opposition to London, and Grasmere, the ideal country of Wordsworth in opposition to London again, are an object for each poet’s masochistic desire and as such ever in the process of self-shattering in a dialectic with the opposed object. Thus the conclusions drawn are that it is still valid to read Romantic poetry in terms of the difference of the city and the country and that the difference needs to be understood in the sense of différance, that is, the difference as it is produced and deferred simultaneously.
참고문헌 (22)
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