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폴 비티의 “순전한 흑인성”: 인종 파괴에 대항한 전지구적 포용과 연대

Paul Beatty’s “Unmitigated Blackness”: Global Solidarity against Racial Destruction

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Paul Beatty’s The Sellout reveals how American history, despite its claims of achieving post-racialism and colorblindness, has consistently excluded Black people from core national ideals like humanity, equality, and individual rights, effectively selling out its own promises. The protagonist, Me, confronts these contradictions by taking the provocative step of reinstating slavery and racial segregation to save his ghetto community, Dickens, from the gentrifying forces of neoliberal racism—forces that dismantle Black bodies and communities even more destructively in the so-called post-civil rights era. In response to this alarming racial devastation, Beatty urges readers not to be deceived by post-racial illusions—such as middle-class individualism, race-neutral or universalist rhetoric, and colorblind constitutionalism—that merely “erase” and sidestep the systematically detrimental impacts of racism on Black bodies and communities. As an alternative to this disheartening national sellout, Beatty presents the concept of “Unmitigated Blackness.” Within this framework, he reinterprets racism as a global crisis fueled by the destructive force of white supremacy and redefines “Blackness” to encompass all people of color, plants, animals, the environment, and non-human entities systematically marginalized, exploited, and destroyed by the white supremacist order. He thus calls for the creation of an alternative community founded on “Unmitigated Blackness”—a community that addresses global devastation through inclusive solidarity that transcends racial and human boundaries.

Abstract

Paul Beatty’s The Sellout reveals how American history, despite its claims of achieving post-racialism and colorblindness, has consistently excluded Black people from core national ideals like humanity, equality, and individual rights, effectively selling out its own promises. The protagonist, Me, confronts these contradictions by taking the provocative step of reinstating slavery and racial segregation to save his ghetto community, Dickens, from the gentrifying forces of neoliberal racism—forces that dismantle Black bodies and communities even more destructively in the so-called post-civil rights era. In response to this alarming racial devastation, Beatty urges readers not to be deceived by post-racial illusions—such as middle-class individualism, race-neutral or universalist rhetoric, and colorblind constitutionalism—that merely “erase” and sidestep the systematically detrimental impacts of racism on Black bodies and communities. As an alternative to this disheartening national sellout, Beatty presents the concept of “Unmitigated Blackness.” Within this framework, he reinterprets racism as a global crisis fueled by the destructive force of white supremacy and redefines “Blackness” to encompass all people of color, plants, animals, the environment, and non-human entities systematically marginalized, exploited, and destroyed by the white supremacist order. He thus calls for the creation of an alternative community founded on “Unmitigated Blackness”—a community that addresses global devastation through inclusive solidarity that transcends racial and human boundaries.

참고문헌 (21)

  1. Afflerbach, Ian, "From Obama’s Presidency to Beatty’s Booker Prize : On the Notion of the"Racial Sellout", African American Review, 54(3), pp.219~232 (2021)
  2. Anker, Elizabeth S., "Cannons and Codes: Law, Literature, and America’s Wars", pp.255~277 (2021), Oxford UP
  3. Beatty, Paul, "The Sellout : A Novel" (2015), Farrar, Straus and Giroux
  4. "Black Lives Matter" (2024)[URL]
  5. Brooks, John, "The Racial Unfamiliar: Illegibility in Black Literature and Culture" (2022), Columbia UP
  6. Canelo, Maria José, "Paul Beatty’s The Sellout as Allegory of the U. S. Carceral System", Atlantis, 44(2), pp.187~205 (2022)
  7. Carter, Robert T., "The Influence of Race and Racial Identity in Psychotherapy : Toward a Racially Inclusive Model" (1995), Wiley
  8. "The Debate between W.E.B. Du Bois and Booker T. Washington"[URL]
  9. Delmagori, Steven, "Super Deluxe Whiteness: Privilege Critique in Paul Beatty’s The Sellout", Symploke, 26(1), pp.417~425 (2018)
  10. "Bessie Smith" (2017)[URL]
  11. Devinatz, Victor G., "Introduction to ‘How Neoliberalism Changed Liberalism", Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal, 35, pp.145~146 (2023)
  12. Gilson, Edwin, "‘For the planet. For home’ : Generating Planetary Responsibility in the Climate Fiction of Los Angeles", Literature Compass, 20(10-12), pp.1~11 (2023)
  13. Hartman, Saidiya V., "Scenes of Subjection : Terror, Slavery, and Self-making in Nineteenth-century America" (1997), Oxford UP
  14. Huehls, Mitchum, "The Radical Conservatism of Black Rural Literature", Contemporary Literature, 61(4), pp.431~459 (2020)
  15. Ivry, Henry, "Unmitigated Blackness : Paul Beatty’s Transscalar Critique", ELH, 87(4), pp.1133~1162 (2020)
  16. Leader-picone, Cameron, "Slavery and the Post-Black Imagination", pp.65~83 (2020), U of Washington P
  17. Lutenski, Emily, "Dickens Disappeared : Black Los Angeles and the Borderlands of Racial Memory", American Studies, 58(3), pp.15~35 (2019)
  18. Naughton, Gerald David, "‘Pleading Human’ in Paul Beatty’s The Sellout", Critique:Studies in Contemporary Fiction, 64(3), pp.443~452 (2023)
  19. Waite, Morrison R., "U.S. Reports: United States v. Cruikshank et al., 92 U.S. 542(1876)", Courtesy of Library of Congress (1876)
  20. "Whitewash"[URL]
  21. Wolfson, Roberta, "Race Leaders, Race Traitors, and the Necropolitics of Black Exceptionalism in Paul Beatty’s Fiction", American Literature, 91(3), pp.619~647 (2019)

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