Dialectics of Posthumanism and Retrohumanism in Ian McEwan’s Machines Like Me
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The dismissal and subsequent rehiring of Sam Altman at OpenAI have sparked discussions regarding the organization’s apparent shift towards prioritizing profit over its original mission of serving the public. This incident underscores a deep-seated division within OpenAI between optimists, often referred to as “boomers,” and pessimists, known as “doomers,” regarding the development of Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) and its potential consequences. Recent scrutiny by Noam Chomsky in The New York Times has brought attention to the false promises associated with Chat GPT, warning against its potential to resurrect mundane evils. Building on this discourse surrounding AI, this essay explores Ian McEwan’s 2019 novel, Machines Like Me. This speculative work delves into themes of artificial intelligence, posthumanism, and traditional humanist concerns such as ethics and justice. Through characters like Charlie and Adam, McEwan prompts profound reflections on humanity’s ethical dilemmas, presenting a bleak vision of society. The essay primarily addresses the blurred lines between humanity and nonhumanity, with a focus on key elements including personality, morality, ontological feeling, and vital force. In the novel, Charlie becomes increasingly reliant on Adam, leading to his dehumanization in terms of labor. Furthermore, the essay delves into the alternative history presented in the novel, particularly focusing on Turing’s survival and his ideas, which resonate with the ontological issues and moral conflicts between retrohumanity and posthumanity. Ultimately, the novel portrays humanity, in terms of personality, morality, feeling, and even vital force, as lacking inherent authenticity. It illustrates that humans cannot definitively claim authenticity, as nothing can fully replicate or transcend our essence.
Abstract
The dismissal and subsequent rehiring of Sam Altman at OpenAI have sparked discussions regarding the organization’s apparent shift towards prioritizing profit over its original mission of serving the public. This incident underscores a deep-seated division within OpenAI between optimists, often referred to as “boomers,” and pessimists, known as “doomers,” regarding the development of Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) and its potential consequences. Recent scrutiny by Noam Chomsky in The New York Times has brought attention to the false promises associated with Chat GPT, warning against its potential to resurrect mundane evils. Building on this discourse surrounding AI, this essay explores Ian McEwan’s 2019 novel, Machines Like Me. This speculative work delves into themes of artificial intelligence, posthumanism, and traditional humanist concerns such as ethics and justice. Through characters like Charlie and Adam, McEwan prompts profound reflections on humanity’s ethical dilemmas, presenting a bleak vision of society. The essay primarily addresses the blurred lines between humanity and nonhumanity, with a focus on key elements including personality, morality, ontological feeling, and vital force. In the novel, Charlie becomes increasingly reliant on Adam, leading to his dehumanization in terms of labor. Furthermore, the essay delves into the alternative history presented in the novel, particularly focusing on Turing’s survival and his ideas, which resonate with the ontological issues and moral conflicts between retrohumanity and posthumanity. Ultimately, the novel portrays humanity, in terms of personality, morality, feeling, and even vital force, as lacking inherent authenticity. It illustrates that humans cannot definitively claim authenticity, as nothing can fully replicate or transcend our essence.
참고문헌 (16)
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