고려∼조선시대 梵字眞言이 새겨진 石造物의 현황과 의미

Abstract

Sanskrit has origin in ancient India, formulated a system through the Gubta dynasty, play an important part of the spread and development of Buddhism. With the spread of Buddhism, the shape of a typical character was made Siddham. It was representative of Sanskrit, generally used in Buddhism and Buddhist temple. Especially, Sanskrit widely used in Esoteric Buddhism. It was appreciated in sympathy with Sanskrit since the period of the Three Kingdoms in Korea. But, nothing remains longer in our Sanskrit. The cognition and understanding on Sanskrit in Buddhist history of Korea were regularized through the Korea dynasty. Chosun Dynasty had been widely used within the prevalence of publishing Buddhist scriptures related Mantra. The Mantra was treated with decorative art. It was deal with matter lightly. The study on Mantra in Buddhism art is low in other study. In Korean Buddhism art, Sanskrit and Mantra were expressed to Buddhist scriptures, tile and brick, pagoda, stupa, tomb and burial accessories, ceramics, wooden building, picture of Buddha, Buddhist image, dress and its ornaments, metal arts, and so on. Mantra was generally expressed in the Buddhism Stone Art from Korea dynasty to Chosun Dynasty. Especially, Mantra was widely expressed to pagoda, stupa and monument. The main current pattern of Mantra was pour semence-mantram, aummanipadmehum-mantram, namosadanamsammakmokdaguchinamdanayta-mantram. These reason was estimated that Avalokitesvara faith was prevalented from Korea dynasty to Chosun Dynasty. Mantra of stone art showed religious practice and life. It was the symbol of the Buddha and Bodhisattva. It was the character and design within the solemn. Mantra was expressed to several stone arts through the late of Chosun Dynasty. It was not element of incantation and salvation from outside. It was generally used in amitabha, ascetic practices, Buddhist lecture meeting, and Buddhist mass. It was the central other character for health and good fortune of people over the religious faith. It was the character for happiness in this world and the next. Mantra was the popular character and symbol in Buddhism.