고려 후기 역사를 노래한 한시의 여러 양상과 그 의미

Abstract

Since the composition of 「byunhawhoigo」 by Chi-won Choi, historical poetries in our country have been composed by a myriad of people under the Goryeo Dynasty and the Joseon Dynasty. In particular, historical poetries of the late Goryeo Dynasty have retained supremacy in terms of both quantity and quality based on the writers' spiritual and literary fields. To illustrate, some pieces of collection of works – Gyu-bo Lee's more than 43 pieces of poems such as 「Dongmyeongwangpyeon」, 「Gyewonchunboyoungsasi」, Seung-Hyu Lee’s such as 「Jyewangwoongi」, Jye-Hyun Lee’s such as 「Biganmyo」, Hye Choi’s such as 「Sahoguihan」, Gok Lee’s more than 27 pieces of historical poems, Saek Lee’s such as 「chiyijaga」, Cheom Lee’s more than 46 pieces, Do-Jeon Jung’s such as 「Wonyouga」- have been considerably significant throughout the history, history of literature, and intellectual history. Therefore, based on these works mentioned above, this paper is designed to explore the different aspects and meanings of historical poetries during the Goryeo Dynasty. As a result, historical poetries of the late Goryeo Dynasty share three major characteristics. First, orthodox view of Confucianism is often revealed in those works as Confucius stated “Buluhgoiryeoknanshin”, which has been an essential idea to Confucians. However, some contradictory ideas are observed in 「Dongmyeongwangpyeon」 composed by Gyu-bo Lee who is one of the strong believers in Confucianism. This is because historical views of people have been somewhat changed. As people in our nation have a tendency to cultivate consciousness autonomously, their historical views might have been influenced by Catholic, didactic, moral traits other than Confucian traits. Other works such as 「Dongmyeongwangpyeon」by Seung-hyu Lee and 「Biganmyo」 by Jye-hyun Lee also include the contradictory ideas to Confucianism, which indicate that they put much emphasis on the guiding principle of Confucius in writing the Annals. Second, historical poetries of the late Goryeo Dynasty include the criticism of reality and satire of society. Even though the reality of that time had been criticized through other methods such as personification novels and Yeon-a poem, their limits on indirectness and narrowness of those genres contributed to the emergence of the historical poetry. This historical poetry has reflected the historical facts and figures in China, but also has had the purpose of not following in the footsteps of our own history. And this indicates that they have fulfilled their duties as scholar-gentry class by suggesting moral paradigm. Third, another characteristic is the inner conflict of historical figure, in which only historical poetry can include. In other words, the writer expressed his or her own view of living allegorically through the historical figure by letting out his pent-up anger or suggesting new direction of living. This is meaningful in a sense that it reflects the chaos of that period both inside and outside of the nation, such as class limits on scholar-gentry class of the late Goryeo Dynasty.