旅庵 申景濬의 詩理論 體系

Abstract

This study analyzed the systemicity of Yeoam Shin, Gyeongjun’s poetics with focus on 「Poetic Rules(詩則)」. Shin, Gyeong-jun is a person who is rated as one of the Honam three great Silhak(Realist School of Confucianism) scholars in late Joseon Dynasty. Yeoam wrote lots of books in many quarters like Chinese phonology, geography and scientific techniques, etc., and among others, his 「Poetic Rules」 is a representative critical book, through which his poetic theory could be traced. 「Poetic Rules」 is a re-arranged book by integrating the theories of the former critics in line with his views, but the book is equipped with the systemicity of poetics which can never be found in the other poetic theories. Particularly, his use of diagrams not only explains the system of poetics to readers with ease, but it also explicitly shows the systemicity of poetics. First, Shin, Gyeong-jun set up Style. Significance. Sound(體․意․聲) as the Code of poetry. These are the very elements, with which Chinese poetry should be equipped. Style refers to a poetic style; Shin composed Significance, as an issue of significance boundary setting, by dividing it into a central message and a message of classical dignity. Sound is an issue of harmonious phonemes of letters forming poetic lines. Actually, these three sorts were the Code, which Chinese poetry should fulfill. Second, the ways to embody Style, Significance and Sound(體․意․聲) are pojin(鋪陳)and yeongmyo(影描). Pojin(鋪陳) refers to the way of direct description of a situation while yeongmyo(影描) is the way to describe an object. pojin(鋪陳)and yeongmyo(影描) belong to a writing technique of a poem, and the substantiality and function of a thing, subject and object(主賓), and movements, which are penetrated as the way to embody pojin(鋪陳)and yeongmyo(影描), are the methods of expressing the significance boundary as poetic lines; in addition, the top & bottom, the front & rear, and the left & right, and the length, breadth & narrowness, and heaviness & lightness are the ways of evenly distributing the significance boundary when using words for poetry. Heungbibu is the way for technical skills in expression, while introduction. development. description, turn. pause, continuance, conclusion and ending are the ways of organizing and developing the literary work contents. These belong to poetic formality and dignity, and Shin, Gyeong-jun presented 48 sorts of poetic formality and dignity in all. Third, Shin, Gyeong-jun put forth 6 sorts as key factors in writing techniques of poetry such as ① the scope of significance boundary setting, ② brevity in sentence description③ description with customs ④ variations of wondrous sentences ⑤ Non-existence of vulgarity in poetic words and significance ⑥ natural conclusion, etc. To sum it up, it might be true that Shin, Gyeong-jun wrote 「Poetic Rules」 by systematically arranging the poetic theories maintained by various scholars with the intent of making learners of poetry easily understand poetics.