『아테네의 타이몬』: 배금주의 비판과 탈비극적 비전
A Satire on Mammonism in Shakespeare’s Timon of Athens: beyond Tragedy
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Timon of Athens, which is usually regarded as the last of Shakespeare’s tragedies, is a dramatic satire on the money economy and commodifications of humanity and arts in general. Timon, who has no past, is a self-generated man presuming himself the self-sufficient and infinite nature feeding and breeding all his friends by his magnanimous generosity. He dreams of a brotherhood of friendship built on mutual credit. When his dream of infinite affluence fails, he becomes a misanthrope uttering cynical diatribes against the mercantile society and its inhabitants worshipping the new god of Mammon. Timon, the man-hater, equates the alchemic gold “soldering close all impossibilities” with whores and courtesans doing anything for gold. Where the new god of gold is worshipped, ‘policy’ and expediency are the powers that be, and what remains is confusion and chaos. Timon’s sense of abhorrence of infidel man and his society is realized in his moralistic and ironic satire abhorring (whoring) all the establishments. What is singular with Shakespeare’s satire in the play is that Timon the satirist is the very target of his satiric criticism since Timon’s jaundiced eyes see things as he wants to see, not as they are. The playwright’s satire reflects his own recognition of the “sick” perspective of a tragic character, and it opens the way to his final vision of the tragicomedies.
Abstract
Timon of Athens, which is usually regarded as the last of Shakespeare’s tragedies, is a dramatic satire on the money economy and commodifications of humanity and arts in general. Timon, who has no past, is a self-generated man presuming himself the self-sufficient and infinite nature feeding and breeding all his friends by his magnanimous generosity. He dreams of a brotherhood of friendship built on mutual credit. When his dream of infinite affluence fails, he becomes a misanthrope uttering cynical diatribes against the mercantile society and its inhabitants worshipping the new god of Mammon. Timon, the man-hater, equates the alchemic gold “soldering close all impossibilities” with whores and courtesans doing anything for gold. Where the new god of gold is worshipped, ‘policy’ and expediency are the powers that be, and what remains is confusion and chaos. Timon’s sense of abhorrence of infidel man and his society is realized in his moralistic and ironic satire abhorring (whoring) all the establishments. What is singular with Shakespeare’s satire in the play is that Timon the satirist is the very target of his satiric criticism since Timon’s jaundiced eyes see things as he wants to see, not as they are. The playwright’s satire reflects his own recognition of the “sick” perspective of a tragic character, and it opens the way to his final vision of the tragicomedies.
참고문헌 (18)
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