셰익스피어 비극에 나타난 자살과 젠더
Suicide and Gender in Shakespeare’s Tragedies
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Suicide scenes in Shakespeare’s tragedies reflect the contemporary gender consciousness that men are superior to women. Even though suicide was regarded as unforgivable sin against God’s will in Shakespeare’s England, it seems not that Shakespeare has any prejudice against suicide. The suicides of Shakespeare’s characters are the dramatic means to keep the value they cherish and for which they are responsible. However it is certain that we can find gender difference in those suicide scenes. Male characters who commit suicide in Shakespeare’s tragedies show dignity and subjective judgement. Including the famous Roman characters, Shakespeare’s male characters committing suicide are portrayed noble and brave. The suicides of non-roman Othello and Romeo are also portrayed brave and heroic. On the other hand, the suicides of most female characters are often portrayed as the result of mental illness or God’s punishment. Even the moving and heroic suicides of Juliet and Cleopatra reveal the heroine’s dependence on their male partners. Shakespeare’s suicide scenes are affected not so much by the Christian prejudice as by the gender prejudice. Greek and Roman view of suicide as an honorable and brave act is usually applied to male characters. And The Christian view of suicide as unforgivable sin is mostly applied to female characters. Emile Durkheim, in his famous book Le Suicide, analyzes the importance of social causes rather than unsocial causes, studying the statistical data of suicides of European countries in 19th century. However, Shakespeare’s suicide scenes certainly reflect the contemporary view of suicide which emphasizes the unsocial causes like gender difference. In Shakespeare, suicide is a kind of dramatic means to represent the social prejudice of gender.
Abstract
Suicide scenes in Shakespeare’s tragedies reflect the contemporary gender consciousness that men are superior to women. Even though suicide was regarded as unforgivable sin against God’s will in Shakespeare’s England, it seems not that Shakespeare has any prejudice against suicide. The suicides of Shakespeare’s characters are the dramatic means to keep the value they cherish and for which they are responsible. However it is certain that we can find gender difference in those suicide scenes. Male characters who commit suicide in Shakespeare’s tragedies show dignity and subjective judgement. Including the famous Roman characters, Shakespeare’s male characters committing suicide are portrayed noble and brave. The suicides of non-roman Othello and Romeo are also portrayed brave and heroic. On the other hand, the suicides of most female characters are often portrayed as the result of mental illness or God’s punishment. Even the moving and heroic suicides of Juliet and Cleopatra reveal the heroine’s dependence on their male partners. Shakespeare’s suicide scenes are affected not so much by the Christian prejudice as by the gender prejudice. Greek and Roman view of suicide as an honorable and brave act is usually applied to male characters. And The Christian view of suicide as unforgivable sin is mostly applied to female characters. Emile Durkheim, in his famous book Le Suicide, analyzes the importance of social causes rather than unsocial causes, studying the statistical data of suicides of European countries in 19th century. However, Shakespeare’s suicide scenes certainly reflect the contemporary view of suicide which emphasizes the unsocial causes like gender difference. In Shakespeare, suicide is a kind of dramatic means to represent the social prejudice of gender.
참고문헌 (26)
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