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Shakespeare's Dual Attitude about Old Man As in King Lear and Prospero
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Striking similarities link the two old, irascible, and negligent rulers, Lear and Prospero. However, there exist distinctive demarcations between them in terms of aging and of their attitudes of accepting it. The most poignant difference between Prospero and Lear is the fact that the former is in complete control of what is going on around him, while the latter abjectly has lost control of the course of his later life. In addition, Prospero's ideal retirement planning and concern for his daughter differ sharply from Lear's lack of retirement planning and even his incestuous emotions directed at his daughter, specially at Cordelia. Prospero plans the future of Miranda and establishes for himself a vital network of social support. And he anticipates and accepts his coming loss of influence and power gracefully. Prospero's recognition of bad quality deeply embedded in human mind and his discovery of his own mortality move him at last to declare his kinship with imperfect man and to forgive all. Prospero learns the lessons taught by age before it is too late and thus transforms a devouring quality of old age into a time of positive and regenerative force. Unlike Prospero, Lear wishes to retire and yet not retire. Unable to give up the dominance game, unwilling to accept aging and retirement as new stages in life's cycles, Lear yearns to be coddled in the nursery of Cordelia's care. Following the familiar pattern that a tragic old man usually takes, Lear first becomes disoriented, then angry, then depressed, and finally goes mad. Paradoxically, Lear's progress into madness is accompanied by a journey into self-awareness. However, tragically, Lear learns too late the wisdom taught by age, and the eve of his maturation becomes the day of his death.
Abstract
Striking similarities link the two old, irascible, and negligent rulers, Lear and Prospero. However, there exist distinctive demarcations between them in terms of aging and of their attitudes of accepting it. The most poignant difference between Prospero and Lear is the fact that the former is in complete control of what is going on around him, while the latter abjectly has lost control of the course of his later life. In addition, Prospero's ideal retirement planning and concern for his daughter differ sharply from Lear's lack of retirement planning and even his incestuous emotions directed at his daughter, specially at Cordelia. Prospero plans the future of Miranda and establishes for himself a vital network of social support. And he anticipates and accepts his coming loss of influence and power gracefully. Prospero's recognition of bad quality deeply embedded in human mind and his discovery of his own mortality move him at last to declare his kinship with imperfect man and to forgive all. Prospero learns the lessons taught by age before it is too late and thus transforms a devouring quality of old age into a time of positive and regenerative force. Unlike Prospero, Lear wishes to retire and yet not retire. Unable to give up the dominance game, unwilling to accept aging and retirement as new stages in life's cycles, Lear yearns to be coddled in the nursery of Cordelia's care. Following the familiar pattern that a tragic old man usually takes, Lear first becomes disoriented, then angry, then depressed, and finally goes mad. Paradoxically, Lear's progress into madness is accompanied by a journey into self-awareness. However, tragically, Lear learns too late the wisdom taught by age, and the eve of his maturation becomes the day of his death.
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