백석 시에 수용된 한국 고전시가의 전통

Abstract

In this paper I studied on the tradition of Korean classical poetry inherited in Baekseok's poetry around the unfold of poetic concept, the meter, the materials containing the foods and ghosts. Many of his poetry which consist of three stanzas show the externals in the first and second stanza, and the internals in the third stanza. This way of the unfold of poetic concept is commonly seen in Sijo(時調). His poetry make use of the traditional rhythm made up of 2 or 3 or 4 meters. This metrical tendency is more strongly seen in the works composed after the Liberation of Korea at 1945 than before. Foods are one of the most important and frequently used material in his poetry. They are not the edible things but the media by which he recalls longing persons of his home and connects the different time and world. They exist as the subjects which have the soul and the sanctity as well. These characters of foods are widely found in Korean classical poetry. We can find the examples especially in Saseolsijo(辭說時調) <Gyungnomi gjeomeun syadangnyeoneul(즁놈이 졈은 샤당년을)>, Seodojapga(西道雜歌) <Jejeon(祭奠)> and Korean ancient poetry <Gujiga(龜旨歌)>. In his poetry folk religions such as shamanism and the ghosts are main materials also. Men in his poetry make friendly relation with the ghosts and the speaker has the double feelings which are fear and longing for them. These attitudes and emotions are implied in Seodojapga(西道雜歌) <Pagyeong(罷經)> and Shinar <Cheoyongga(處容歌)> among Korean classical poetry. This two pieces are alike with <Ogeumdeongiraneun got(오금덩이라는 곳)> and <Maeuleun mancheon gushini doaeseo(마을은 맨천 구신이 돼서) not only in the idea about the ghost but also in the lyrical forms of expression and the eradication by generosity. Through these discussion we can evaluate Baekseok's poetry as follows. Unlike Kimsoweol(金素月) who faithfully succeeded to the traditional emotions and meters, he extended the scope of inheriting traditions to the dimensions of unfolding the poetic concept and the materials, and achieved the creative result beyond the level of classics as well. There exist remarkable affinities between his poetry and some pieces of Seodojapga(西道雜歌) from the various aspects of the areal and temporal background, materials, forms of poetic language and expressive technique. These affinities can be pointed out as one of the important features related with inheriting Korean classical poetry too.