한국어 상 보조용언 ‘가다’와 ‘오다’의 문법화 연구: 문법화 정도를 중심으로
A study on the grammaticalization in Korean aspectual expressions of auxiliary verbs ‘ga-da’(‘go’) and ‘o-da’(‘come’); focusing on their degrees of grammaticalization
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This study provides a comparison of the degrees of grammaticalization between the Korean aspectual auxiliary verbs ‘ga-da’(‘go’) and ‘o-da’(‘come’), with an investigation into their uses in terms of grammaticalization. Until recently, many studies have mainly dealt with the overall properties of auxiliary verbs or their semantic distinctions but have failed to look into the degrees of grammaticalization of these two auxiliary verbs with similar shades of meaning. This paper analyzes the distribution of uses of the auxiliary verbs ‘ga-da’ and ‘o-da’ based on corpus building upon the previous studies. Specific to this paper are analyses of frequency of appearance of the auxiliary verbs, frequency of use of main verbs ‘ga-da’ and ‘o-da’, and the grammatical elements combined with the auxiliary verbs. The analyses show that their word formation patterns and grammaticalization process point to the fact that the auxiliary verb ‘ga-da’ is more grammaticalized than the auxiliary verb ‘o-da.’ Furthermore, the analysis has shown that both the auxiliary verbs have continued to develop to take compound forms combined with connective endings as the auxiliary verb ‘ga-da’ is grammaticalized into ‘-eo gamyeonseo’ and the auxiliary verb ‘o-da’ into ‘-eo wanneunnde’. In this grammaticalization process, the auxiliary verbs ‘ga-da’ and ‘o-da’ have lost what they used to have in meaning only to signify future-oriented durative and past-oriented durative state respectively.
Abstract
This study provides a comparison of the degrees of grammaticalization between the Korean aspectual auxiliary verbs ‘ga-da’(‘go’) and ‘o-da’(‘come’), with an investigation into their uses in terms of grammaticalization. Until recently, many studies have mainly dealt with the overall properties of auxiliary verbs or their semantic distinctions but have failed to look into the degrees of grammaticalization of these two auxiliary verbs with similar shades of meaning. This paper analyzes the distribution of uses of the auxiliary verbs ‘ga-da’ and ‘o-da’ based on corpus building upon the previous studies. Specific to this paper are analyses of frequency of appearance of the auxiliary verbs, frequency of use of main verbs ‘ga-da’ and ‘o-da’, and the grammatical elements combined with the auxiliary verbs. The analyses show that their word formation patterns and grammaticalization process point to the fact that the auxiliary verb ‘ga-da’ is more grammaticalized than the auxiliary verb ‘o-da.’ Furthermore, the analysis has shown that both the auxiliary verbs have continued to develop to take compound forms combined with connective endings as the auxiliary verb ‘ga-da’ is grammaticalized into ‘-eo gamyeonseo’ and the auxiliary verb ‘o-da’ into ‘-eo wanneunnde’. In this grammaticalization process, the auxiliary verbs ‘ga-da’ and ‘o-da’ have lost what they used to have in meaning only to signify future-oriented durative and past-oriented durative state respectively.
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