미디어 담화의 비판적 담화분석: 동남아 이주민 기사를 중심으로
A critical discourse analysis of media discourse on Southeast Asian immigrants
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The ways in which Southeast Asian immigrants in Korea are represented in Korean media suggest an array of trait-ascribing categorization practices whose import is shaped by specific ideologies. From the perspectives of critical discourse analysis (CDA) and membership categorization analysis (MCA), the distinctively constructed descriptions of Southeast Asian immigrants observed in Korean newspapers (2009-2017) are analyzed in terms of how the ‘us/them’ distinction is discursively invoked in the ‘ideological square’ through the use of the twin strategies of positive self-presentation and negative other-presentation. A subtle form of ‘neo-orientalism’ is noted to underlie these practices, which are explicated in terms of a range of practices of invoking culturally-loaded specific categories. The findings indicate that ethnic Koreans are consistently represented in the media as the ‘(paternalistic) benefactor’ vis-à-vis the immigrants, who are positioned as the ‘(potentially undeserving) beneficiary’. These features point to some of the ways in which emerging multiculturalism in Korean society is being incipiently (and fragmentarily) addressed in Korean media discourse, reflexively manifesting its character as an ‘intra-national’ discourse in which the ‘other’s’ voice is solicited, heard and addressed on ‘our’ own terms, whether xenosceptically or altruistically formulated
Abstract
The ways in which Southeast Asian immigrants in Korea are represented in Korean media suggest an array of trait-ascribing categorization practices whose import is shaped by specific ideologies. From the perspectives of critical discourse analysis (CDA) and membership categorization analysis (MCA), the distinctively constructed descriptions of Southeast Asian immigrants observed in Korean newspapers (2009-2017) are analyzed in terms of how the ‘us/them’ distinction is discursively invoked in the ‘ideological square’ through the use of the twin strategies of positive self-presentation and negative other-presentation. A subtle form of ‘neo-orientalism’ is noted to underlie these practices, which are explicated in terms of a range of practices of invoking culturally-loaded specific categories. The findings indicate that ethnic Koreans are consistently represented in the media as the ‘(paternalistic) benefactor’ vis-à-vis the immigrants, who are positioned as the ‘(potentially undeserving) beneficiary’. These features point to some of the ways in which emerging multiculturalism in Korean society is being incipiently (and fragmentarily) addressed in Korean media discourse, reflexively manifesting its character as an ‘intra-national’ discourse in which the ‘other’s’ voice is solicited, heard and addressed on ‘our’ own terms, whether xenosceptically or altruistically formulated
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