지배음운론 ( Government Phonology ) 이란 무엇인가 ?

Abstract

This paper aims to introduce the theory of Government Phonology (henceforth, GP). GP is based on the notion of principles and parameters as developed by Chomsky (1981). GP claims that words are not constituted of unorganised sequence of segments. Syllable structures of phonological words are formed based on governing relations which are established at the level of lexical representation. Segments and skeletal points are bound together through government. GP provides three types of syllabic constituents: onset (O), nucleus (N) and rhyme (R). Except for the head, in order for these constituents to appear with their skeletal points in syllable structure, they must be licensed (Licnesing Principle). Whether or not a consonant is syllabified into a rhymal position is determined by the Coda Licensing Principle. It follows from these principles that an apparent word-final consonant is in reality followed by a domain-final empty nucleus. As for the licensing of the dounain-final empty nucleus as well as a domain-internal empty nucleus, GP supplies the Empty Category Principle. According to GP, segments are composed of elements. The element is the primitive phonological unit and it contains a salient property. In addition, segments can differ in charm property. Whether or not a segment is charmed is determined by the elements it contains. Negatively charmed segments, whcih are relevant to consonants, contain a negative element (-), and positively charmed elements, which are relevant to vowels, contain a positive element (+). Elements that are not charmed are neutral or charmless. GP also provides a theory for morphologically complex words. It claims that the morphology of suffixation, where two morphemes are added together, manifests two different types of structure. namely, analytic and non-analytic morphology. The difference between the two types is a matter of whether or not morphology is visible to the phonology. Morphology which carries domains to the phonology is reffered to as analytic morphology, and non-analytic morphology is invisible to phonology.