Verb Sensitivity of the English Dative Alternation: Experimental Evidence from Give-type Verbs
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The verb-sensitive approach to the English dative alternation proposed by Rappaport Hovav and Levin (2008) assumes that subtypes of alternating verbs differ in their association with two meanings—caused possession and caused motion. The purpose of this paper is to assess the empirical validity of this approach in comparison with that of the uniform multiple meaning approach, which takes all alternating verbs to have caused-possession and caused-motion meanings and to encode caused motion in the to-variant. We report two rating experiments designed to test speakers’ judgments of dative sentences which describe events of caused possession but do not involve caused motion. The results of the experiments show that to-dative sentences describing such events are judged invariably acceptable by speakers when factors of givenness and heaviness are controlled for. This evidence argues against the uniform multiple meaning approach and supports the proposal of the verb-sensitive approach that give-type verbs have only a caused-possession meaning independently of the variants in which they appear.
Abstract
The verb-sensitive approach to the English dative alternation proposed by Rappaport Hovav and Levin (2008) assumes that subtypes of alternating verbs differ in their association with two meanings—caused possession and caused motion. The purpose of this paper is to assess the empirical validity of this approach in comparison with that of the uniform multiple meaning approach, which takes all alternating verbs to have caused-possession and caused-motion meanings and to encode caused motion in the to-variant. We report two rating experiments designed to test speakers’ judgments of dative sentences which describe events of caused possession but do not involve caused motion. The results of the experiments show that to-dative sentences describing such events are judged invariably acceptable by speakers when factors of givenness and heaviness are controlled for. This evidence argues against the uniform multiple meaning approach and supports the proposal of the verb-sensitive approach that give-type verbs have only a caused-possession meaning independently of the variants in which they appear.
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