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스마트폰 중독 경향군의 애플리케이션 사용유형에 따른 실행기능, 대인관계, 공감능력의 차이

The Difference in Execution Function, Inter-personal Relationship Problem and Empathy Ability of Smartphone Addiction Tendency Group by their Phone Application Usage Type

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참고문헌

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주제분류심리과학

초록

본 연구는 스마트폰 중독 경향군을 하위유형으로 세분화하여 스마트폰 일반사용자군과 실행기능 및 대인관계문제, 공감능력을 비교하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 대학생에게 스마트폰 중독 자가진단 척도(S척도)를 사용하여 고위험군 20명, 잠재적위험군 43명, 일반사용자군 25명을 선발하였다. 스마트폰 중독 하위유형을 추출하기 위해 중독 경향군(고위험군, 잠재적위험군)의 애플리케이션 사용 정보를 중심으로 군집분석하여 세 가지의 하위유형(커뮤니케이션형 22명, 오락형 25명, 도구적사용형 16명)을 추출하였다. 추출된 중독 경향군의 세 가지 하위유형과 일반사용자군을 비교하기 위해 실행기능과제 중 억제능력 및 충동성을 측정하는 연속수행과제(CPT)와 계획능력을 측정하는 위스콘신카드분류검사(WCST)를 사용하였다. 이외에도 대인관계 문제와 공감능력을 비교하기 위해 한국형 대인관계문제검사 단축형(KIIP-SC)과 한국판 인지정서공감척도(K-QCAE)를 각각 사용하여 비교하였다. 연구 결과, CPT에서 스마트폰 중독 경향군이 유형과 상관없이 일반사용자군보다 유의하게 저조한 성적을 보였으며, WCST에서 커뮤니케이션형과 오락형이 일반사용자군보다 유의하게 저조한 성적을 보였다. KIIP-SC에서 커뮤니케이션형이 일반사용자군보다 대인관계에서 많은 문제를 경험하고 있는 것으로 나타났으며, K-QCAE에서 오락형이 일반사용자군보다 유의하게 높은 인지적 공감과 공감지수를 보이는 것으로 나타났다.

Abstract

In this study, a cluster analysis of smartphone addiction tendency group by smartphone application usage type was conducted to verify the subtypes of smartphone addiction tendency group and their characteristics. A comparison between them and the general usage group were made in terms of execution function, interpersonal problem and empathy ability characteristics. S-Scale was used to college students in order to select 63 students of whom will be in addiction tendency group and 25 in general user group. The number of cluster was assigned to 3 focusing on application usage information of addiction tendency group to extract their subtypes; a K-means clustering was then conducted. As a result, the 3 clusters of addiction tendency group was shown to have significant difference among the group in the use of the application. In order to verify the difference between the three subtypes of addiction tendency group that were extracted through cluster analysis and the general user group, the three subtypes were named communication type, entertainment type and instrumental user type respectively, each of which were then compared to general user group. First, to compare the execution function characteristics, a CPT which measures impulsiveness and inhibition ability within the execution function task and WCST which measures planning ability was used. In sequence, a KIIP-SC and K-QCAE was respectively used to compare interpersonal problem and empathy ability characteristics. The core results of this study are as follows: First, the addiction tendency group showed significantly poorer performance than the general user group regardless of their subtypes. Second, in WCST, the communication and entertainment types in the addiction tendency group showed significantly poorer performance than the general user group. Third, in KIIP-SC, the communication type in the addiction tendency group was shown to experience more interpersonal problem compared to the general user group. Lastly, in K-QCAE, the entertainment type in the addiction tendency group was shown to have significantly higher cognitive empathy and empathy quotient than the general group.

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