한국어와 몽골어의 활용어미 대조 분석 II: 몽골어 동명사어미와 연결어미를 중심으로

Abstract

This paper compares Mongolian verbal noun suffixes and connective suffixes with their Korean counterparts. Mongolian verbal noun suffixes can be compared with Korean adnominal or nominalizing suffixes in thier semantic-syntactic functions. Mongolian verbal noun suffixes are used to make an attributive clause like Korean adnominal suffixes and they both basically express aspect-modality meaning. Mongolian verbal noun suffixes can also be used to make a nominal clause like Korean nominalizing suffixes. Unlike Korean adnominal or nominalizing suffixes, however, Mongolian verbal noun suffixes have a syntactic function of finishing a sentence. Another characteristic of Mongolian verbal noun suffixes is that they replace indicative suffixes in a negative or interrogative sentences. Korean and Mongolian connective suffixes are similar in their semantic and syntactic functions. Connective suffixes in the two languages link verbal clauses and express semantic relations between them. With more connective suffixes, Korean can express various semantic differences that Mongolian connective suffixes cannot. Korean, however, do not have a suffix comparable to the Mongolian connective suffixes such as -tal or -ngaa. Some connective suffixes in the two languages are used to form auxiliary verb constructions. Auxiliary verb constructions mainly express aspect or modality in the two languages.