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평균 얼굴 순응에 따른 얼굴 변별 정확도 변화에서 자폐 스펙트럼 장애 집단과 정상 발달 집단의 차이 연구

The face identity discrimination according to the adaptation with the average face in children with ASD and TD

정경미|정다이
한국인지및생물심리학회 (Korean Society For Cognitive and Biological Psychology)|2015.10|한국심리학회지: 인지 및 생물 (Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology)|제27권 제4호|pp. 777-803|DOI 10.22172/cogbio.2015.27.4.009

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참고문헌

키워드

ASDface recognition자폐 스펙트럼 장애순응 패러다임얼굴인식규준기반코딩모델adaptation paradigmnorm-based coding
주제분류심리과학

초록

본 연구는 자폐 스펙트럼 장애 집단을 대상으로 평균 얼굴 순응에 따른 얼굴 변별 정확도 증진 여부를 살펴봄으로써 규준 재조정의 가능성을 확인하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해, 자폐 스펙트럼 장애 진단을 받은 남자 아동․청소년(n=10)과 지능, 연령을 매칭한 정상 발달 남자 아동․청소년(n=10)을 모집하였다. 참가자들은 3개의 얼굴 자극을 학습한 뒤, 8개 수준의 얼굴 정체성 강도로 구성된 사전 식별 과제를 실시하였다. 식별 과제를 수행한 후 5분 동안 평균 얼굴 순응 과제를 실시하였으며, 이후 동일한 자극 식별 과제를 반복하였다. 결과, 자폐 스펙트럼 장애 집단의 경우 순응 전 후에 따른 유의미한 변화가 관찰되지 않은 반면, 정상 발달 집단에서는 강도별 순응 전 후 정확도가 유의미하게 증가하였다. 또한, 정상 발달 집단이 자폐 스펙트럼 장애 집단보다 순응 전 후에 따른 정답률 증가량이 유의미하게 큰 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 정상 발달 집단의 자극 강도별 사전․사후 정답률의 차이 값을 살펴본 결과, 중간 강도의 자극에서 유의미한 상승이 관찰되었다. 이러한 결과는 자폐 스펙트럼 장애 집단이 새로운 얼굴 자극 정보를 받아들여 규준을 재조정 하는데 어려움이 있음을 시사한다. 이와 같은 결과를 바탕으로 본 연구의 함의 및 한계에 대해 논의하였다.

Abstract

This study investigated whether increased face identity discrimination after the adaptation with an average face is shown to children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), who are known to have deficits of face recognition. Children with ASD (n=10) and age/IQ-matched children with typical development (TD) (n=10) participated in this study. After the practice, all participants were asked to distinguish three female faces as pre-identification task. Then, they were asked to see an average faces for the adaptation. After adaptation for five minutes, participants were asked to complete an identification task again. The results showed that the improvement in face discrimination was not found in children with ASD, whereas significant improvement was observed in children with TD. In addition, the increase of face discrimination in children with TD was significantly higher than those of ASD. Last, children with TD only showed the increased sensitivity of face discrimination in mid-point intensity. These findings suggest that children with ASD have difficulty in face norm recalibration. The limitations of this study as well as the directions for future study are discussed.

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