수송/저장용 수소 생산 확대를 위한 암모니아의 안전 위험 관리 표준 동향
Safety risk management of ammonia to scale-up hydrogen production for transport and storage
0
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Ammonia, which is closely related to our lives, has a significant impact on our lives as a representative substance for crop cultivation. Recently, it has gained attention as an efficient and productive hydrogen/storing substance that can replace fossil fuels. Efforts are being made to utilize it as a renewable energy source through thermochemical and electrochemical reactions. However, the use of ammonia, which encompasses the era, carries inherent toxicity, so a comprehensive understanding of ammonia safety is necessary. To ensure safety in the transportation and storage of ammonia and chemical substances domestically and internationally, national and organizational standards are being developed and provided through documents and simple symbols to help people understand. This review explores the chemical characteristics of ammonia, its impact on human health, and the global trends in safety standards related to ammonia. Through this examination, the paper aims to contribute to the discourse on the safety and risk management of ammonia transport and storage, crucial for achieving carbon neutrality and expanding the hydrogen economy.
Abstract
Ammonia, which is closely related to our lives, has a significant impact on our lives as a representative substance for crop cultivation. Recently, it has gained attention as an efficient and productive hydrogen/storing substance that can replace fossil fuels. Efforts are being made to utilize it as a renewable energy source through thermochemical and electrochemical reactions. However, the use of ammonia, which encompasses the era, carries inherent toxicity, so a comprehensive understanding of ammonia safety is necessary. To ensure safety in the transportation and storage of ammonia and chemical substances domestically and internationally, national and organizational standards are being developed and provided through documents and simple symbols to help people understand. This review explores the chemical characteristics of ammonia, its impact on human health, and the global trends in safety standards related to ammonia. Through this examination, the paper aims to contribute to the discourse on the safety and risk management of ammonia transport and storage, crucial for achieving carbon neutrality and expanding the hydrogen economy.
참고문헌 (26)
- V. Pattabathula, "Introduction to ammonia production", CEP Magazine, pp.69~75 (2016)
- A. Valera-Medina, "Sustain. Ammon. Prod", pp.69~80 (2020), Springer International Publishing
- S. Chatterjee, "Limitations of ammonia as a hydrogen energy carrier for the transportation sector", ACS Energy Letters, 6, pp.4390~4394 (2021)
- Y. Kojima, "Safety of ammonia as a hydrogen energy carrier", International Journal of Hydrogen Energy (2023)
- S. Devkota, "Storage Potential of Green Hydrogen", ~ (2023)
- N. M. Adli, "Review-ammonia oxidation electrocatalysis for hydrogen generation and fuel cells", Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 165, pp.J3130~ (2018)
- L. A. Diaz, "Electrochemical Deammonification of synthetic swine wastewater", Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 51, pp.12167~12172 (2012)
- Á. Anglada, "Contributions of electrochemical oxidation to waste-water treatment : fundamentals and review of applications", Journal of Chemical Technology &Biotechnology, 84, pp.1747~1755 (2009)
- P. Cañizares, "Electrochemical treatment of the effluent of a fine chemical manufacturing plant", Journal of Hazardous Materials, 138, pp.173~181 (2006)
- L. Candido, "Evaluation of anode materials for the electrooxidation of ammonia and ammonium ions", Materials Chemistry and Physics, 129, pp.1146~1151 (2011)
- Y. Gendel, "Revealing the mechanism of indirect ammonia electrooxidation", Electrochimica Acta, 63, pp.209~219 (2012)
- L. A. Diaz, "Mathematical modeling of ammonia electrooxidation kinetics in a Polycrystalline Pt rotating disk electrode", Electrochimica Acta, 179, pp.519~528 (2015)
- B. X. Dong, "Improved electrolysis of liquid ammonia for hydrogen generation via ammonium salt electrolyte and Pt", Rh, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, pp.2016, 41[DOI]
- "<연속기획> 수소경제 주목되는 기술/제품 56. 에이이에스텍의 '무수 암모니아 전기분해 기술'" (2023)[URL]
- "Compendium of Chemical Hazards", Public Health England, 1~20 (2019)
- "Access Acute Exposure Guideline Levels (AEGLs) Values" (2023)[URL]
- "Emergency planning and the acute toxic potency of inhaled ammonia, 107", 617~627 (1999)
- F. Pedersen, "Predicting the consequences of short-term exposure to high concentrations of gaseous ammonia", Journal of Hazardous Materials, 21, pp.143~159 (1989)
- "Access Acute Exposure Guideline Levels (AEGLs) Values" (2023)[URL]
- J. Labovský, "Verification of CFD pollution dispersion modelling based on experimental data", Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, 24, pp.166~177 (2011)
- W. Tan, "Experimental and numerical study of ammonia leakage and dispersion in a food factory", Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, 47, pp.129~139 (2017)
- "A Hazard Assessment of Ammonia as a Fuel" (2013)[URL]
- M.A. Mohamed, "Computational study of the effect of trees on wind flow over a building", Sustainable Energy Research, 2, pp.1~8 (2015)
- J. R. Bakke, "A study on the effect of trees on gas explosions", Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, 23, pp.878~884 (2010)
- "Emergency planning for ammoniabased refrigeration systems guide", 1~19 (2018)
- 주형국, "탄소중립과 그린 수소에너지 전환을 위한 PEM 수전해 시스템에서 작동 전압 및 효율의 열역학적 이해", 전기화학회지, 26(4), pp.56~63 (2023), 한국전기화학회