사회적 쌍 자극에서의 형태잔여효과
Shape Aftereffect in Social Dyad Stimuli
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초록
본 연구는 단일 얼굴에서 관찰된 시점 의존적 처리가 쌍 얼굴에서도 관찰되는지 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 순응 패러다임을 적용하여 형태 잔여효과의 크기를 측정하였다. 실험 1은 쌍 얼굴에 순응했을 때 개별 얼굴의 상대적 방향으로 형태 잔여효과가 관찰되는지를 알아보았다. 실험 1에서 순응자극과 검사자극을 모두 쌍 얼굴로 적용하였으며, 좌우 30°씩 수렴하는 쌍 얼굴 자극에 순응했을 때는 수렴의 방향에서만, 좌우 30°씩 발산하는 쌍 얼굴 자극에 순응했을 때는 발산의 방향에서만 형태 잔여 효과가 일어나는 결과를 얻었다. 실험 2는 쌍 얼굴을 순응자극으로, 단독 얼굴을 검사자극으로 사용하여, 쌍 얼굴에 순응한 효과가 단독으로 등장하는 얼굴에 어떤 잔여 효과 패턴을 보이는지를 알아보는 목적으로 수행되었다. 그 결과 유의미한 형태 잔여 효과가 관찰되지 않았다. 실험 1과 2의 결과를 종합하면, 관찰자가 쌍 얼굴을 왼쪽과 오른쪽을 바라보는 두 얼굴로 개별 처리하지 않고 맞보는 얼굴이라는 하나의 단위로 처리했을 가능성이 시사되며, 이는 인간의 시각 체계에 수렴과 발산이 개별 차원을 이루고 있는 사회적 쌍 자극의 방향 처리를 위한 신경학적 경로의 존재를 암시한다.
Abstract
This study investigated whether viewpoint-dependent processing shown in a single face is also observed in a pair of faces. We measured an amount of the shape aftereffect using an adaptation paradigm. In Experiment 1, a pair of faces was used not only as an adaptation stimulus but also as a testing stimulus to find out whether the shape aftereffect was observed according to the relative direction of the pair of faces. As a result, when adapted with a stimulus that converges by 30°, the shape aftereffect was observed only in the direction of convergence, and when adapted with the stimulus diverged by 30°, the shape aftereffect was observed only in the direction of divergence. Experiment 2 was to find out what aftereffect patterns were observed when applying a pair of faces as adaptation stimulus and a single face as testing stimulus. As a result, there was no significant aftereffect. The results of Experiment 1 and 2 propose that the observer processes a pair of faces as a single unit, not as individual left-facing and right-facing faces, implying the existence of neurological pathways for directional processing of social dyad stimuli, where the human visual system consists of three separate dimensions; convergence and divergence.
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