과제 무관 방해 자극이 움직임 추정 시간에 미치는 영향: 맥락 효과를 중심으로
The Influence of Task-irrelevant motion on Prediction Motion task: Spatial information as a mechanism for Contextual effect
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초록
본 연구는 주변 물체의 움직임이 가려지는 물체의 움직임을 추정하는 움직임 추정 과제 수행에 미치는 영향에 대해 알아보았다. 실험 1에서는 목표 자극과 방해 자극의 상대적인 속도 차이가 움직임 추정 시간에 미치는 영향을 탐구하였다. 또한 주변 맥락의 영향이 인지적 효과인지 알아보기 위해 본 시행 전 훈련 시행을 실시하였다. 움직임 추정 과제에서 맥락 효과가 관찰되었고, 반복된 훈련 시행에도 맥락 효과가 유지되었다. 실험 2에서는 맥락 효과가 움직이는 물체들 간의 거리로 인해 야기되는지 알아보기 위해, 방해 자극의 속도를 목표 자극 속도에 가산하여 실험을 진행하였다. 움직이는 물체들 간의 거리가 증가할수록 맥락 효과의 크기가 증가하였다. 실험 3에서는 맥락 효과의 기제를 알아보기 위해 여러 개의 방해 자극을 추가하여 주변 맥락이 제공하는 속도 정보와 위치 정보를 독립적으로 조작하였다. 추정 시간은 움직임을 관찰하는 시기에 가능했던 단서의 유형에 따라 달랐다. 본 연구는 다른 물체의 움직임이 가려지는 물체의 움직임 추정 시간에 영향을 미침을 확인하였다. 본 연구 결과는 물체들이 이루는 전역적 위치 배열이 움직임 추정에 중요한 역할을 한다는 것을 시사한다.
Abstract
This study investigated the impact of surrounding object motion on the estimation time of prediction motion task. In Experiment 1, we explored the effect of relative speed differences between target and distractor stimuli on prediction motion estimation time. Additionally, we conducted a pre-training session before the main task to examine whether the context effect was cognitive. Context effects were observed in the motion estimation task, and they persisted even after repeated training. In Experiment 2, we investigated whether the context effect was influenced by the distance between moving objects by adding the speed of distractor stimuli to the target stimulus speed. As the distance between moving objects increased, the magnitude of the context effect also increased. In Experiment 3, we manipulated the speed information and position information provided by the surrounding context independently by adding multiple distractor stimuli. Estimation time varied depending on the type of clues available during the observation of motion. This study confirmed that the motion of other objects affects the estimation time of a hidden object’s motion. The results suggest that the global spatial arrangement of objects plays an important role in motion estimation.
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