중추 및 말초 단서의 타당도가 표적의 탐지 시간 및 단서효과에 미치는 영향
Effects of Central and Peripheral Cue Validity on Target Detection and Cueing Effect
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초록
타당한 단서는 표적의 탐지 시간을 줄이는 효과가 있는데 이를 단서 효과라고 한다. 본 연구는 중추 단서와 말초 단서의 타당도의 수준을 25%, 40%, 55%, 70%, 85%, 및 100%로 변화시켰을 때 표적 탐지의 반응시간을 측정하고, 단서 효과가 타당도 수준에 따라 변화하는 추세를 관찰하였다. 두 단서 조건 모두에서 단서 타당도가 증가할 때 전반적인 반응 시간은 비선형적으로 감소하였으며, 타당도 수준으로 예측되는 것보다 대체로 더 긴 경향이 있었다. 타당도 수준이 증가할 때 타당 시행의 반응시간도 비선형적인 감소 패턴을 보인 반면, 단서 효과는 선형적으로 증가하였다. 추가 분석에서 여섯 개의 타당도 수준은 25%와 40% 구간, 55%에서 85%까지의 구간, 그리고 100% 수준 등 세 개의 타당도 범위로 구별될 수 있는 것처럼 보인다. 종합하여 보았을 때, 타당 시행에서 표적 탐지 수행은 전반적으로 단서 타당도 수준의 변화에 민감하게 대응하지 않으며, 단서 타당도 정보의 활용에는 전략적인 요인이 개입할 가능성이 있는 것으로 보인다.
Abstract
Valid cues have an effect of reducing detection time of targets, which is called cueing effect. This study manipulated validity of central and peripheral cues between 25%, 40%, 55%, 70%, 85%, 100% and measured target detection time. In both of cue conditions overall response time (RT) decreased non-linearly when cue validity increased, and tended to be longer than expected linearly at corresponding validity level. As cue validity increased valid trials also showed similar nonlinear decreasing pattern of RTs, but cueing effect increased linearly. Further analysis indicates that 6 levels of validity could be grouped into three sections: 25% and 40% section, 55% to 85% section, and 100% level. In summary, RTs of valid trials did not match levels of cue validity sensitively, and there might be more strategic factors involved in utilizing cue validity information.
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