암모니움 디티오카바메이트계 이온성 액체의 합성 및 내마모성능 (I)
Synthesis and Antiwear Properties of Ammonium Dithiocarbamate-based Ionic Liquid (I)
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The friction-reducing properties of lubricants containing ionic liquids based on ammonium dithiocarbamateare studied. The ionic liquids are produced through the following two steps: the synthesis of sodiumalkyl dithiocarbamates via the substitution reaction of dialkylamine and carbon disulfide and their subsequentconversion into ammonium dithiocarbamate-based ionic liquids through an ion-exchange reaction with a quaternaryalkyl ammonium halide salt. The structures of the ionic liquids are characterized by NMR spectroscopyand Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The isolated yields of the ionic liquids, which are viscous and paleyellow, are approximately 92%. The Brookfield viscosities and pour points of the ionic liquids are determined. Further, their wear resistances are measured through the four-ball wear test and the Schwingung Reibung Verschleiss(oscillation, friction, wear) test. The wear scar diameter of the lubricants containing 1 wt of the quaternaryalkyl ammonium dithiocarbamate-based ionic liquids (0.475-0.631 mm) is significantly lower than thatof the base oil (0.825 mm), proving that the ammonium dithiocarbamate-based ionic liquids have good frictionreducingcharacteristics. However, these friction-reducing characteristics fade significantly after long-term storage,owing to the degradation of the ionic liquids.
Abstract
The friction-reducing properties of lubricants containing ionic liquids based on ammonium dithiocarbamateare studied. The ionic liquids are produced through the following two steps: the synthesis of sodiumalkyl dithiocarbamates via the substitution reaction of dialkylamine and carbon disulfide and their subsequentconversion into ammonium dithiocarbamate-based ionic liquids through an ion-exchange reaction with a quaternaryalkyl ammonium halide salt. The structures of the ionic liquids are characterized by NMR spectroscopyand Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The isolated yields of the ionic liquids, which are viscous and paleyellow, are approximately 92%. The Brookfield viscosities and pour points of the ionic liquids are determined. Further, their wear resistances are measured through the four-ball wear test and the Schwingung Reibung Verschleiss(oscillation, friction, wear) test. The wear scar diameter of the lubricants containing 1 wt of the quaternaryalkyl ammonium dithiocarbamate-based ionic liquids (0.475-0.631 mm) is significantly lower than thatof the base oil (0.825 mm), proving that the ammonium dithiocarbamate-based ionic liquids have good frictionreducingcharacteristics. However, these friction-reducing characteristics fade significantly after long-term storage,owing to the degradation of the ionic liquids.
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