Characteristics and Bioactivities of Defatted Powder Obtained from Silkworms at Different Growth Stages
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Edible insects are recognized for their nutritional value and potential as functional foods. Silkworms offer diverse functional materials depending on their growth stages. This study aimed to evaluate defatted powders and oils extracted from silkworms at different stages (5th instar, 3rd day of silkworm larvae: SL, Hongjam: HJ, and silkworm pupae: SP) for health functional food applications. Lipids and defatted powders were extracted from the raw powders at different growth stages using n-hexane. Their physicochemical properties were analyzed through flowability and color measurements, whereas antioxidant activities were assessed via 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) assays. a-Glucosidase and a-amylase inhibitory activities were tested to determine their blood glucose regulation potential. Defatted powder recovery was high in SL and HJ, whereas lipid yield was high in SP. Bulk properties decreased in SL and HJ but increased in SP. Antioxidant activity was confirmed through 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline 6-sulfonic acid) assays, and a-amylase inhibitory activity of defatted powders was higher than that of raw materials. These findings suggest that defatted SL powders have the potential to improve the industrial utilization of silkworm-derived materials in functional foods.
Abstract
Edible insects are recognized for their nutritional value and potential as functional foods. Silkworms offer diverse functional materials depending on their growth stages. This study aimed to evaluate defatted powders and oils extracted from silkworms at different stages (5th instar, 3rd day of silkworm larvae: SL, Hongjam: HJ, and silkworm pupae: SP) for health functional food applications. Lipids and defatted powders were extracted from the raw powders at different growth stages using n-hexane. Their physicochemical properties were analyzed through flowability and color measurements, whereas antioxidant activities were assessed via 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) assays. a-Glucosidase and a-amylase inhibitory activities were tested to determine their blood glucose regulation potential. Defatted powder recovery was high in SL and HJ, whereas lipid yield was high in SP. Bulk properties decreased in SL and HJ but increased in SP. Antioxidant activity was confirmed through 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline 6-sulfonic acid) assays, and a-amylase inhibitory activity of defatted powders was higher than that of raw materials. These findings suggest that defatted SL powders have the potential to improve the industrial utilization of silkworm-derived materials in functional foods.