유리섬유 강화 폴리이소시아누레이트 폼 개발 및 극저온 환경 하 기계적 성능평가
Synthesis and cryogenic mechanical performance of chopped-glass-fiber-reinforced polyisocyanurate foam
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폴리이소시아누레이트 폼(PIF)은 구조적 안정성과 기계적 강도 및 단열성능과 같은 다양한 기계적 장점으로 LNG 단열재와 같은 산업 구조물의 단열재로 채택되어 왔다. 본 연구에서는 PIF의 기계적 강도를 증가시키기 위한 시도로써폴리올과 이소시아네이트에 유리섬유를 첨가하여 유리섬유 강화 폴리이소시아누레이트 폼(CGR-PIF)을 합성하였다. 유리섬유가 PIF에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 다양한 온도에서 기계적 성능(밀도를 고려한 압축강도, 복원율, 파손특성) 을 분석하였다. 그리고 CGR-PIF의 단열성과 기계적 성능에 영향을 미치는 셀의 구조를 파악하기 위해 PIF의 SEM 사진과 비교하여 SEM 분석을 하였다. 본 연구의 실험 결과를 통해 유리섬유 강화 폴리이소시아누레이트 폼 즉, CGR-PIF는유리섬유의 첨가를 통해 셀의 형성의 방해를 받게 되어 비교적 높은 열전도도를 갖는 반면에 극저온에서 상당히 높은기계적 강도를 확인 할 수 있었다.
Abstract
Polyisocyanurate foam (PIF) has been adopted by the industrial sector as an LNG(Liquefied Natural Gas) insulating material due to its various mechanical merits such as high structural stability and mechanical strength, and excellent insulating ability. In an attempt to increase the mechanical strength of PIF, chopped-glass-fiber–reinforced polyisocyanurate foam (CGR-PIF) was synthesized by adding chopped glass fiber to polyol and isocyanate, which are the raw materials used in the polymerization process to produce PIF. The mechanical properties (compressive strength considering density, recovery ratio, and failure characteristics) were measured at various temperatures to study the effect of the chopped glass fiber on PIF. In addition, SEM analysis was performed to investigate the microstructural characteristics of CGR-PIF, and the SEM images of the CGR-PIF and PIF were compared in order to evaluate the effect of the chopped glass fiber on mechanical and heat insulation properties of the reinforced PIF. Our results, confirm that the compressive strength of the CGR-PIF significantly increases at cryogenic temperatures; moreover, a relatively higher thermal conductivity was observed for CGR-PIF compared to PIF, owing to the chopped glass fiber in the former.
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