Condition-based Maintenance (CBM) 적용 장비 선정을 위한 기본설계 단계의 LNG-FPSO 가용도 추산
Availability estimation of LNG-FPSO in early design stage to select the proper equipment for application of condition-based maintenance (CBM)
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초록
운영비용(OPEX, Operating Expenditure)을 절감하기 위해 해양플랜트 장비에 Condition-based Maintenance (CBM, 상태기반정비) 적용이 증가하고 있다. 해양플랜트의 모든 장비들에 CBM을 적용하는 것은 비경제적이며, 적절한 대상장비를 선정하는 것이 중요한 도전 과제이다. 본 연구에서는 LNG-FPSO에 CBM을 적용할 적절한 장비를 선정하기위해 LNG-FPSO의 가용도를 추산하였다. 기본 설계단계의 LNG-FPSO Topside 공정 모듈 중 핵심모듈만을 대상으로선정하였다. 선정된 모듈은 Inlet Facility, Pre-treatment, Liquefaction, Refrigeration, Fractionation, Condensate Stabilizer, 및Fuel Gas Compression 모듈이다. 가용도를 추산하기 위해 Monte Carlo Simulation 방법론을 이용하였고, 4단계로 구분하여 가용도를 추산하였다. 필요한 신뢰성 데이터는 해양에서 가장 널리 사용되는 OREDA Handbook을 참고하였다. 가용도를 추산한 결과 가장 심각한 장비는 Gas Turbine으로 전체 장비들의 비가용도(심각도) 중 약 30.5%를 차지하였다. 그리고 압축기, 펌프, Column, Reboiler도 높은 비가용도를 나타내었다. LNG-FPSO의 장비들 중 CBM을 적용할 가장 적절한 장비로는 Column 및 Reboiler였다. Column 및 Reboiler가 선정된 이유는 상대적으로 큰 비가용도를 나타내었지만, 다른 장비들과 비교하여 관련된 연구가 적었기 때문이다. 본 연구는 설계초기단계의 LNG-FPSO 핵심 공정모듈만을 대상으로 하였다는 한계점이 존재하지만, 설계초기단계에서 최적의 유지보수 방법을 선정하는데 중요한 정보를 제공한다.
Abstract
Application of condition-based maintenance (CBM) to offshore equipment has been increased to reduce operating expenditure (OPEX). It is uneconomical to apply CBM to all equipment in an offshore platform, and it is important to determine the proper equipment. In this study, the availability of the liquefied natural gas (LNG) floating production storage and offloading unit (LNG-FPSO) was estimated to select the suitable equipment for CBM application. Modules in the topside of the LNG-FPSO in the early design stage were chosen as the target system. The selected modules were the inlet facility, pretreatment, liquefaction, refrigeration, fractionation, condensate stabilizer, and fuel gas compression modules. Monte Carlo simulation was employed for availability estimation, and the availability was calculated in four steps. The Offshore and Onshore Reliability Data handbook, which is widely used in the offshore industry, was utilized for obtaining the reliability data. The results show that the most critical component is the gas turbine, which accounted for 30.5% of the total unavailability. The compressor, pump, column, and reboiler are also critical equipment. The suitable assets for the application of CBM are the column and the reboiler, because the studies on them were insufficient. Although this study had some limitations, because it was conducted in the early design stage, it provides meaningful information for the determination of the optimized maintenance strategy.
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