선박용 저속 2행정기관의 밀러사이클 효과의 향상
Improvement of Miller cycle effect on 2-stroke marine diesel engine
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초록
IMO의 환경규제로 인해 엔진 제작사에서는 Tier Ⅲ를 만족하기 위해 가스연료 엔진과 EGR, SCR을 부가적으로 장착한 엔진 등을 선보이고 있다. 질소산화물과 연료소비율(SOFC)을 동시에 감소시키킬 수 있는 4행정 밀러사이클 기관에 대한연구들이 많이 보고되고 있으나, 2행정 기관의 밀러사이클에 관한 연구들은 많이 보이지 않는다. 필자들은 앞서 2행정기관에 밀러사이클의 적용이 가능하다는 연구 결과를 보고하였다. 본 연구에서는 환경규제를 만족하기 위해 2행정기관의 밀러효과를 향상시킬 수 있는 방안에 대해 연구하였으며, 밀러사이클 효과는 소기온도, 과급효율 및 소기과정의 개선을 통해 향상될 수 있다. 본 연구는 유니플로 소기방식을 채택하고 있는 2행정기관의 소기포트에 슬라이딩 기구의 적용을 제안하고밀러사이클을 동시 적용한 결과에 대해서 보고한다. 고효율 과급기와 소기의 냉각을 통해 밀러사이클은 NO의 60%, SFOC 의 1.6% 감소효과를 얻을 수 있었다. 또한, 슬라이딩 기구의 적용으로 NO와 SFOC의 감소효과가 더욱 향상될 수 있다.
Abstract
Gas-fueled engines and engines equipped with EGR (Exhaust Gas Recirculation) and SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction) are being designed by large-engine manufacturers in order to satisfy Tier III due to forced emission control rule by IMO. Many studies have reported the simultaneous decrease of NOx and SFOC (Specific Fuel Oil Consumption) of a 4-stroke Miller cycle. However, few have reported on the 2-stroke Miller cycle. We have reported the applicability of the Miller cycle on a 2-stroke marine diesel engine through an earlier study. This study reports the results of improvement of the Miller effect for a 2-stroke engine in order to satisfy the emission control rule. The Miller effect can be improved by using lower scavenge air temperature, higher efficiency T/C (Turbocharger) and improved scavenging. In this study, a sliding device with changeable port height is applied to the uniflow scavenge port of a 2-stroke engine and the results, applied simultaneously with the Miller cycle, are reported. Through higher efficiency T/C and lower scavenge air temperature, the Miller cycle can achieve 60% reduction of NO and 1.6% reduction of SFOC. In addition, the effect of reducing NO and SFOC can be further improved by the application of the sliding device.
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