Carbon-based electrode fabrication and performance of bioelectrochemical anaerobic digestion for sewage sludge
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Bioelectrochemical anaerobic digestion (BEAD) is a technology which exploits the potential of microorganism by supplying a small amount of electric energy in an anaerobic digester. The electrode material is one of the most important parts of a bioelectrochemical system. For the anodes and cathodes of BEAD process, graphite fiber fabric (GFF), a carbon based material with good biocompatibility and non-corrosive property, was selected and its conductivity was modified by depositing carbon nanotube (CNT) via electrophoresis deposition (EPD) method. In the BEAD process, the organic matter in the reactor is oxidized on the surface of anode forming proton, carbon dioxide and electron. The electron produced is transferred to the cathode due to the potential difference between anode and cathode, followed by methane production on the surface of cathode resulting from the combination of carbon dioxide, electron and proton. The biochemical reactions at the electrodes can be controlled by the electrode potentials. When the potential between anode and cathode was maintained at 0.3 V using an external power supply, the BEAD reactor showed remarkable performance after the start-up period of 40 days. The performance of BEAD reactor was stable in terms of pH (7.2~7.5), alkalinity (4,500~5,200mg/L as CaCO3), methane content in biogas (77.3%) and volatile fatty acid levels (VFA < 250mg HAc/L). During steady state, the specific methane production rate and VS reduction were stabilized at 412 mL CH4/L.d and 72.5%, respectively, which were much higher than the conventional anaerobic digestion. The application of bioelectrochemical technology to anaerobic digestion provides a chance to overcome the disadvantages of conventional anaerobic digestion.
Abstract
Bioelectrochemical anaerobic digestion (BEAD) is a technology which exploits the potential of microorganism by supplying a small amount of electric energy in an anaerobic digester. The electrode material is one of the most important parts of a bioelectrochemical system. For the anodes and cathodes of BEAD process, graphite fiber fabric (GFF), a carbon based material with good biocompatibility and non-corrosive property, was selected and its conductivity was modified by depositing carbon nanotube (CNT) via electrophoresis deposition (EPD) method. In the BEAD process, the organic matter in the reactor is oxidized on the surface of anode forming proton, carbon dioxide and electron. The electron produced is transferred to the cathode due to the potential difference between anode and cathode, followed by methane production on the surface of cathode resulting from the combination of carbon dioxide, electron and proton. The biochemical reactions at the electrodes can be controlled by the electrode potentials. When the potential between anode and cathode was maintained at 0.3 V using an external power supply, the BEAD reactor showed remarkable performance after the start-up period of 40 days. The performance of BEAD reactor was stable in terms of pH (7.2~7.5), alkalinity (4,500~5,200mg/L as CaCO3), methane content in biogas (77.3%) and volatile fatty acid levels (VFA < 250mg HAc/L). During steady state, the specific methane production rate and VS reduction were stabilized at 412 mL CH4/L.d and 72.5%, respectively, which were much higher than the conventional anaerobic digestion. The application of bioelectrochemical technology to anaerobic digestion provides a chance to overcome the disadvantages of conventional anaerobic digestion.
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