A novel proposal for a marine fuel cell system utilizes LNG as a sustainable and green fuel for the future of shipping
2
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Maritime transportation, representing over 80% of global shipping, has emerged as a significant contributor to environmental emissions. Consequently, emission mitigation strategies are crucial for preserving our maritime ecosystems. This study proposes an innovative integrated propulsion system utilizing solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), and waste heat recovery, fueled by liquefied natural gas (LNG), to achieve high efficiency and minimal emissions. Utilizing the cold energy from LNG, the system supports a CO2 capture mechanism from exhaust gases. Through the integration of gas turbine (GT), organic Rankine cycle (ORC), and steam Rankine cycle (SRC), the cold energy of LNG and waste heat of SOFC are efficiently converted into usable power. To address vessel startup delays and maneuvering periods, SOFCs and PEMFCs are integrated into the system. The CO2 capture system is designed to comply with international and local regulations. Thermodynamic analysis, conducted using ASPEN HYSYS V12.1, includes the development of equations based on the laws of thermodynamics to evaluate system performance indicators and optimize component design. The proposed system demonstrates energy and exergy efficiencies of 68.76% and 33.58%, respectively, with waste heat recovery cycles contributing an additional 2100.42 kW, equivalent to 35.6% of the total output. A parametric study reveals that varying current density impacts energy efficiency, highlighting the system's sensitivity to operational parameters. This integrated approach, harnessing LNG cold energy and waste heat recovery for CO2 capture, aligns with International Maritime Organization (IMO) emissions regulations, facilitating environmentally sustainable shipping practices.
Abstract
Maritime transportation, representing over 80% of global shipping, has emerged as a significant contributor to environmental emissions. Consequently, emission mitigation strategies are crucial for preserving our maritime ecosystems. This study proposes an innovative integrated propulsion system utilizing solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), and waste heat recovery, fueled by liquefied natural gas (LNG), to achieve high efficiency and minimal emissions. Utilizing the cold energy from LNG, the system supports a CO2 capture mechanism from exhaust gases. Through the integration of gas turbine (GT), organic Rankine cycle (ORC), and steam Rankine cycle (SRC), the cold energy of LNG and waste heat of SOFC are efficiently converted into usable power. To address vessel startup delays and maneuvering periods, SOFCs and PEMFCs are integrated into the system. The CO2 capture system is designed to comply with international and local regulations. Thermodynamic analysis, conducted using ASPEN HYSYS V12.1, includes the development of equations based on the laws of thermodynamics to evaluate system performance indicators and optimize component design. The proposed system demonstrates energy and exergy efficiencies of 68.76% and 33.58%, respectively, with waste heat recovery cycles contributing an additional 2100.42 kW, equivalent to 35.6% of the total output. A parametric study reveals that varying current density impacts energy efficiency, highlighting the system's sensitivity to operational parameters. This integrated approach, harnessing LNG cold energy and waste heat recovery for CO2 capture, aligns with International Maritime Organization (IMO) emissions regulations, facilitating environmentally sustainable shipping practices.
참고문헌 (24)
- K. Moon, "Ammonia as a marine fuel : likelihood of ammonia releases", Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology, 47(6), pp.447~454 (2023)
- H. Xing, "Alternative fuel options for low carbon maritime transportation: Pathways to 2050", Journal of Cleaner Production, 297, pp.126651~ (2021)
- Singapore Shipping Association, "A Guide for Bunkering Industry - Moving towards IMO 2020 Sulfur Limit", ~ (2020)
- T. I. M. Organization, "Resolution MPEC.328(76)", IMO, vol. MPEC 76, 2021, pp.37~72
- International Maritime Organzation, "Adoption of the Initial IMO Strategy on Reduction of GHG Emissions from Ships, vol. 10", ~ (2023)
- J. Hansson, "The potential role of ammonia as marine fuel - Based on energy systems modeling and multi-criteria decision analysis", Sustainability, 12(8), pp.3265~ (2020)[DOI]
- B. C. Choi, "Dynamic simulation of Methane Number variations in LNG fueled vessels with periodic bunkering operations", Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology, 46(6), pp.302~308 (2022)[DOI]
- B. R. Ryu, "Study on LNG cold energy recovery using combined refrigeration and ORC system: LNG-fueled refrigerated cargo carriers", Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology, 45(2), pp.70~78 (2021)[DOI]
- F. Burel, "Improving sustainability of maritime transport through utilization of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) for propulsion", Energy, 57, pp.412~420 (2013)[DOI]
- Q. H. Nguyen, "A study on performances of SOFC integrated system for hydrogen-fueled vessel", Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology, 47(3), pp.120~130 (2023)
- J. Tan, "Evaluating and optimizing the cold energy efficiency of power generation and wastewater treatment in LNG-fired power plant based on data-driven approach", Journal of Cleaner Production, 334, pp.130149~ (2022)[DOI]
- Y. Liu, "Exergoeconomic analysis and multi-objective optimization of a CCHP system based on LNG cold energy utilization and flue gas waste heat recovery with CO2 capture", Energy, 190, pp.116201~ (2020)[DOI]
- T. H. Lim, "Operating characteristics of a 5kW class anode-supported planar SOFC stack for a fuel cell", gas turbine hybrid system, 2008, pp.33(3), 1076~1083
- J. Pan, "Energy, exergy and economic analysis of different integrated systems for power generation using LNG cold energy and geothermal energy", Renewable Energy, 202, pp.1054~1070 (2023)[DOI]
- P. Li, "A cascade organic Rankine cycle power generation system using hybrid solar energy and liquefied natural gas", Solar Energy, 127, pp.136~146 (2016)[DOI]
- J. Lim, "Novel process design for waste energy recovery of LNG power plants for CO2 capture and storage", Energy Conversion Management, 277, pp.116587~ (2023)[DOI]
- N. Zheng, "Thermodynamic performance analysis of a novel PEMECSOFC-based poly-generation system integrated mechanical compression and thermal energy storage", Energy Conversion Management, 265, pp.115770~ (2022)[DOI]
- Domingues, "Novel integrated system of LNG regasification", electricity generation based on a cascaded two-stage Rankine cycle, with ternary mixtures as working fluids and seawater as hot utility, 2022, pp.238(Part C), ~
- J. Zhou, "Optimization of a 30kW SOFC combined heat and power system with different cycles and hydrocarbon fuels", International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 47(6), pp.4109~4119 (2022)[DOI]
- N. Chitgar, "Design and evaluation of a novel multi-generation system based on SOFC-GT for electricity, fresh water and hydrogen production", Energy, 197, pp.117162~ (2020)[DOI]
- Fuerte, "Ammonia as efficient fuel for SOFC", Journal of Power Sources, 192(1), pp.170~174 (2009)[DOI]
- K. H. M. Al-Hamed, "A novel ammonia solid oxide fuel cell-based powering system with on-board hydrogen production for clean locomotives", Energy, 220, pp.119771~ (2021)[DOI]
- Y. Liu, "Performance analysis of a CCHP system based on SOFC", GT, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, pp.2019, 44(56)[DOI]
- E. Gholamian, "A comparative thermodynamic investigation with environmental analysis of SOFC waste heat to power conversion employing Kalina and Organic Rankine Cycles", Energy Conversion Management, 117, pp.150~161 (2016)[DOI]