Design and scenario comparison study of an amine solvent-based carbon-dioxide-capture process for ships
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As the International maritime Organization (IMO) strengthens its greenhouse gas regulations, technologies for capturing CO2 emissions from ships are emerging as a promising short-term option for reducing emissions from existing ships. This study develops an onboard carbon-capture system (OCCS) for a container ship utilizing an amine-based solvent and conducts a comparative analysis of full- and partial-exhaust gas-capture scenarios. Simulations are performed using Aspen HYSYS V14, employing the Acid Gas–Chemical Solvent Property Package. The full-exhaust gas-capture scenario theoretically achieved a high capture efficiency exceeding 90%; however, the requirement for larger absorption and regeneration towers, along with an increased reboiler duty of approximately 3.4 MJ/kgCO2, substantially increased energy consumption. Additionally, the system produced approximately 1,344 tonnes of CO2 for a seven-day voyage, indicating its limited feasibility owing to spatial and weight constraints within the ship environment. Conversely, the partial-exhaust gas-capture scenario was designed to capture 2 tonnes of CO2 per hour with an Liquid flow/Gas flowL/G ratio range of 2.5. The reboiler duty was approximately 2.9 MJ/kgCO2, reflecting an approximately 15% lower energy consumption compared to the full-exhaust capture scenario. Furthermore, the storage-tank-capacity requirement was approximately 425 m3, which was approximately 25% of that required for the full-exhaust capture scenario. This significantly alleviated the spatial burden when applied to ships. Consequently, this study suggests that partial-exhaust gas capture is technically and economically viable in the initial commercialization phase of marine OCCS, and a phased introduction strategy culminating in fullexhaust capture as a long-term objective is desirable. These findings can serve as foundational data for future marine OCCS designs and International Maritime Organization regulatory response strategies.
Abstract
As the International maritime Organization (IMO) strengthens its greenhouse gas regulations, technologies for capturing CO2 emissions from ships are emerging as a promising short-term option for reducing emissions from existing ships. This study develops an onboard carbon-capture system (OCCS) for a container ship utilizing an amine-based solvent and conducts a comparative analysis of full- and partial-exhaust gas-capture scenarios. Simulations are performed using Aspen HYSYS V14, employing the Acid Gas–Chemical Solvent Property Package. The full-exhaust gas-capture scenario theoretically achieved a high capture efficiency exceeding 90%; however, the requirement for larger absorption and regeneration towers, along with an increased reboiler duty of approximately 3.4 MJ/kgCO2, substantially increased energy consumption. Additionally, the system produced approximately 1,344 tonnes of CO2 for a seven-day voyage, indicating its limited feasibility owing to spatial and weight constraints within the ship environment. Conversely, the partial-exhaust gas-capture scenario was designed to capture 2 tonnes of CO2 per hour with an Liquid flow/Gas flowL/G ratio range of 2.5. The reboiler duty was approximately 2.9 MJ/kgCO2, reflecting an approximately 15% lower energy consumption compared to the full-exhaust capture scenario. Furthermore, the storage-tank-capacity requirement was approximately 425 m3, which was approximately 25% of that required for the full-exhaust capture scenario. This significantly alleviated the spatial burden when applied to ships. Consequently, this study suggests that partial-exhaust gas capture is technically and economically viable in the initial commercialization phase of marine OCCS, and a phased introduction strategy culminating in fullexhaust capture as a long-term objective is desirable. These findings can serve as foundational data for future marine OCCS designs and International Maritime Organization regulatory response strategies.