농가 가구원의 교육수준이 농가소득에 미치는 영향 분석
The Effect of Schooling of Farm Household Members on Household Income
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본 연구는 학교교육의 소득증대효과에 초점을 맞추어 농가 구성원의 교육수준이 농가소득에 미치는 영향을 분석하는 데 목적이 있다. 학교교육의 소득증대효과는 소득함수 추정을 통해 측정하였고, 경영주와 가구원의 교육년수를 사용하여 학교교육의 소득효과를 비교하였다. 사용자료는 2003~2007년 「농가경제조사」(통계청) 원자료이고, 실증분석에는 통합OLS와 패널GLS, 3SLS를 사용하였다. 분석결과는 학교교육의 소득증대효과를 확인시켜준다. 성인 가구원의 최고 교육수준 및 평균교육수준이 높을수록 농가소득 총액 및 농업소득과 농외소득이 모두 유의하게 증가하며, 학교교육의 소득증대효과는 특히 농업소득에 비해 농외소득에서 크다. 따라서 농가 구성원의 학교교육에 대한 투자가 농가소득 증대를 위한 효과적인 전략이 될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to analyze the income effect of the schooling level of farm household members while comparing such an effect according to differing sources of household income. The income effect of schooling was measured by estimating the Mincerian earnings function, taking into account the endogeneity of the schooling variables. A three-stage least squares (3SLS) analysis was applied, along with pooled OLS and panel GLS, to the panel data constructed from the Farm Household Economy Survey for the years 2003 to 2007. The empirical results confirmed the significant income effect of schooling – for both the maximum years and the average years - of farm household members. The maximum or average years of schooling of farm household members, all other things being equal, substantially increased the total household income and increased farm income and non-farm income independently as well. The income enhancement effect of schooling was particularly large for non-farm income, reflecting the large allocative effect of schooling. The findings therefore imply that educational investments in farm household members can be an effective strategy for increasing farm/non-farm income.
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