짧은 임플란트의 생존율에 관한 고찰
A systematic review of the survival rate on short implants
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연구목적: 임플란트의 생존율에 영향을 미치는 요소들에 따른 구체적인 생존율을 살펴보고 짧은 임플란트의 사용도 예후성있는 치료인지에 관해 평가하는 것이다. 연구방법: MEDLINE (PubMed)을 통하여 검색된 논문에서 임플란트의 길이, 직경, 식립 위치, 표면 처리, 상부 구조와 관련된 정보를 추출하여 각 요인별 생존율을 비교 분석하였다. 임플란트의 길이와 직경의 생존율과 구간별 생존율 비교를 위해 카이 제곱 독립성 검정을 이용하였으며 임플란트의 식립 위치나 표면처리, 상부 구조 디자인 간의 생존율 비교를 위해서 Window용SPSS 프로그램을 이용한 일원배치 분산 분석을 이용하였다. 결과 및 결론: 짧은 임플란트 (8.5 mm 이하)의 생존율은 95.87% 였으며 이는 여러 문헌에 보고된 표준적인 길이 (10 - 12 mm)를 가진 임플란트의 생존율과 유사하였다. 그 중에서도 길이 6 - 7 mm 짧은 임플란트의 생존율이 길이 7.5 - 12 mm 임플란트의 생존율보다 더 낮았다 (P < .05). 한편, 직경 4 mm미만, 4 - 5 mm, 그리고 5 mm이상의 3집단으로 나누어 생존율 비교시 4 mm 미만 집단에서 낮은 생존율을 보였으며 길이 6 - 7 mm의 짧은 임플란트의 경우 5 - 6 mm 직경의 임플란트를 식립했을 때의 생존율은 97.01%, 3.1 - 4.8 mm 직경일 때의 생존율 92.96%로 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. Machined surface와 표면 처리된 짧은 임플란트의 생존율 비교시 표면 처리된 경우가 약 6.3% 정도 높은 생존율을 보였으며 보철 수복시 인접 임플란트와 연결한 경우 (99.4%)가 단일 임플란트 치관으로 수복한 경우 (94.3%)보다 높은 생존율을 보였다.
Abstract
Purpose: The objective of this systematic review was to obtain the comprehensive survival rates of short implants. Then it was examined that whether treatment using short implants has favorable results. Methods: A MEDLINE search was performed, the data obtained from many articles about length, diameter, site of placement, surface treatment and prosthetic design were analyzed. Results and discussion: The data obtained from many articles were analyzed, and it was found that the survival rate of short implants was 95.87%, short implants has similar outcomes to those reported for standard implants. On the other hand, in the comparison the survival rate of 3 groups divided by the diameter of implants under 4 mm, 4 - 5 mm, and above 5 mm, a statistically significant difference was detected in under 4mm group. In implant group with 6 - 7 mm length, a group with 5 - 6 mm diameter has survival rate of 97.01%, groups with 3.1 - 4.8 mm diameter has survival rate of 92.96%, which was statistically significantly different. In the result of surface feature, the roughed surface groups of short implant showed a higher survival rate by approximately 6.3% than machined surface group. In the result of prosthetic design, survival rate of short implant was considerably lower for the single implant crown group (94.3%) than splinting group (99.4%).
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