중학생 자살사고에 영향을 미치는 심리사회적 요인
Psychosocial Correlates of Suicidal Ideation in Middle-School Students
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자살을 생각하고 있는 초기 청소년의 특성을 파악하여 이들을 정신의학적 관점에서 돕는 것은 매우 중요하고 시급하다. 본 연구는 교육청에서 지원하는 ‘교육복지우선투자사업’의 일환으로 2009년 4월에 일 지역의 2개 중학교 1학년 전체452명 학생을 대상으로 지역정신보건센터를 통해 시행되었다. 연구 결과 전체 학생 중 최근 2주 사이 자살사고가 있는중학생은 31.3%에 달했다. 자살사고와 관련된 요인들을 파악해 이들 모두를 통제하여 다변량 로지스틱회귀분석을 시행한 결과 과거 자살시도경험, 우울증, 부모의 음주문제, 가정불화, 분노수준 등이 자살 사고와 유의한 독립적 관련성이 있었다. 초기 청소년 자살사고에 미치는 이들 요인들에 대한 개입을 목표로 학교 교육과 청소년 자살예방 프로그램이 시행될 필요가 있다.
Abstract
ObjectivesZZTo examine the prevalence and psychosocial correlates of current suicidal ideation in middle-school students. MethodsZZThis school-based cross-sectional study enrolled 452 middle-school students in grade 7. Current suicidal ideation was defined as suicidal thoughts and a desire to be dead within two weeks. Sociodemographic variables, including environmental stressors, were collected to identify factors associated with current suicidal ideation. The students were asked to complete the Beck Depression Inventory, the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire, the Korean Version of the Children of Alcoholics Screening Test, the Problem-Oriented Screening Instrument for Teenagers, and various scales measuring anger level and ability to control anger. ResultsZZCurrent suicidal ideation was reported by 31.3% of the students. In a multivariate logistic regression analysis, a previous suicide attempt, depression, parents with alcohol problems, family trouble, and anger level were independently associated with current suicidal ideation. The experiences of running away, domestic violence, being bullied, alcohol abuse, hyperactivity, and emotional problems were significantly more frequent in students with suicidal ideation, but they were not significantly associated with suicidal ideation in the multivariate analysis. ConclusionZZThis study suggests that a previous suicide attempt is a risk factor for current suicidal ideation. Appropriate management of depression and anger in middle-school students and interventions for family troubles and parental alcohol problems are needed to reduce suicidal ideation in middle-school students.
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