조현병 환자에서 외상후 스트레스 장애의 유무가 치료 경과에 미치는 영향
The Impact of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder on Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Schizophrenia
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초록
이상의 고찰에서 알 수 있듯이 조현병 환자들은 일반인들에 비해 외상 사건을 훨씬 많이 경험(94.2%, 평균 3.9개)하고있으며, PTSD A항목에 해당하는 심각한 외상(45.7)%도 상당수가 경험하고 있다. 따라서 현재 PTSD로 진단되거나 과거에 PTSD를 경험한 환자가 많았다. 치료 후의 추적조사에서 PTSD를 경험한 조현병 환자들의 경우 그렇지 않은 환자들에 비해 음성 증상과 일반정신병리와 관련된 증상은 호전이 잘 이루어 지지 않음을 알 수 있다. 이것은 현재 PTSD로 진단되지 않았더라도 과거에 PTSD를 경험한 군에서도 조현병의 경과에 지속적으로 PTSD에 의한 영향이 있을 수 있음을의미할 수 있다. 따라서 임상적으로 조현병 환자에게 불량한예후를 예측할 수 있는 심리적 외상에 대한 면밀한 평가가 이루어져야 하며, 조현병 환자의 치료에 있어서도 정신병적 증상 뿐만 아니라 외상과 PTSD에 대한 접근을 동시에 하는 치료를 고려하여야 할 것이다.
Abstract
Objectives This study investigated the prevalence of trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in patients with schizophrenia and compared the clinical outcomes in the PTSD group and the non-PTSD group. Methods Among 38 patients, a total of 35 schizophrenic patients completed the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Life Stressor Checklist-Revised (LSCL-R), and Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS). Results Thirty three patients (94.2%) had at least one trauma and average 3.9 traumatic events in their life time. There were 12 patients (34.3%) who were diagnosed with PTSD. There were no differences of sociodemographic, duration of illness, number of admission, and duration of admission between the PTSD and non-PTSD groups. After one year treatment, the non-PTSD group had significantly improved in PANSS positive, negative, and general psychopathology scale. However, the PTSD group demonstrated no significant changes in PANSS negative and general psychopathology scale. Conclusion In this study, there were high rate of prevalence of trauma and PTSD in patients with schizophrenia. PTSD had negative effects on clinical outcomes in patients with schizophrenia. Careful trauma-focused approach is necessary within this population.
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