The Association between Recent Dietary Pattern as a Risk Factor of 12-month Asthma Symptom Prevalence in Korean Elementary achool Children
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목 적 : 식이 양상(dietary pattern)이 천식 발생의 위험인자로 작용하는지를 알아보기 위하여 ISSAC 설문지를 이용하여 전국적인 설문조사를 시행하였다. 방 법 : 총 24,260면의 초등학생을 대상으로 알아보기 위하여 ISSAC 설문지와 우리나라에서 개발한 식이 관련 설문지를 이용하여 최근 12개월 동안 섭취한 16종의 식이군 빈도가 지난 12개월 동안의 천식 증상 발생에 미치는 영향을 조사 분석하였다. 결 과 : 천식 증상의 발생은 신선한 해산물 (OR : 0.88, P=0.0126, 95% CI : 0.795-0.973), 과일(OR : 0.785, P<0.0001, 95% CI : 0.715-0.861), 야채(OR : 0.825, P<0.0001, 95% CI : 0.764-0.891), 우유(OR : 0.9, P=0.0451, 95% CI : 0.811-0.998)의 섭취가 증가할수록 의미 있게 감소하였다. 또한 신선한 해산물을 거의 섭취하지 않는 소아에 비하여 주 1-2회 섭취하는 경우(OR : 0.863, P=0.028, 95% CI : 0.761-0.978)와 거의 매일 섭취하는 경우(OR : 0.802, P=0.0755, 95% CI : 0.630-1.023)에 천식 증상의 발생이 의미 있게 감소함을 알 수 있었다. 야채의 경우도 일주일 동안 거의 섭취하지 않은 경우에 비하여 주 1-2회 섭취하는 경우(OR : 0.753, P= 0.0416, 95% CI : 0.595-0.950)와 거의 매일 섭취하는 경우(OR : 0.674, P=0.0179, 95% CI : 0.408- 0.752)에 천식 증상의 발생이 가소함을 알 수 있었고, 과일의 경우는 야채의 경우와 동일한 양상을 보였다. 결 론 : 결론적으로 우리나라 소아에서 천식 증상의 발생은 신선한 해산물, 과일, 야채의 섭취가 증가함에 따라 의미 있게 감소함을 알 수 있었다.
Abstract
Purpose : To investigate the impact of dietary pattern on the risk of asthma development, we undertook a nation-wide study with ISSAC written questionnaire. Methods : We analyzed the relations between the previous 12-month dietary patterns (16 food groups) and asthma symptom prevalence, using the ISSAC written questionnaire and a domestically developed dietary questionnaire in 24,260 elementary school children. Results : Odds ratios (OR) were significantly decreased by increased food intake of natural seafood (OR : 0.88, P=0.0126, 95% CI : 0.795-0.973), fruit (OR : 0.785, P<0.0001, 95% CI : 0.715-0.861), vegetables (OR : 0.825, P<0.0001, 95% CI : 0.764-0.891), and cow's milk (OR : 0.9, P=0.0451, 95% CI : 0.811-0.998). Compared to children that seldom consumed natural seafood, ORs of symptom development were lower in children that ate natural seafood 1-2 times per week (OR : 0.863, P=0.028, 95% CI : 0.761-0.978) and almost everyday (OR : 0.802, P=0.0755, 95% CI : 0.630-1.023), respectively. For green vegetables, ORs were significantly lower than in children who also ate gree vegetables 1-2 times per week (OR : 0.753, P=0.0416, 95% CI : 0.595-0.950) and almost everyday (OR : 0.674, P=0.0179, 95% CI : 0.408-0.752), respectively. Fruits showed the same pattern as green vegetables. Conclusion : Taken together, our study shows that the increased intake of natural seafood, fruit, and vegetables is significantly related to reduced asthma symptom prevalence in Korean children.
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