천식 교육을 위한 가족용 보드 게임의 개발 및 교육 효과
Development of Family Board Game for Asthma Education and Evaluation of its Educational Effect
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목 적 : 소아 천식의 효과적인 치료를 위해서는 천식에 대한 정확한 질병 인식을 통해 일상 생활에서 적절한 치료와 관리를 수행하는 것이 필요하다. 연구자들은 소아 천식의 관리와 치료 수준을 향상시키는 방법으로서 가족용 천식 게임을 개발하여 천식에 관한 인식도를 높이고자 하였다. 방 법 : 2007년 4월부터 2008년 11월까지의 기간 동안 고려대학교병원 소아알레르기호흡기 세부전문의 3명, 소아과 전문의 1명, 소아과 전공의 3명 및 고려대학교 의과대학생 15명이 게임의 개발에 참여하였다. ADDIE, 즉 분석(Analysis), 설계(Design), 개발(Development), 실행(Implementation), 평가(Evaluation)의 모델을 통한 체계적인 개발 과정을 적용하였고 19명의 천식 환아 보호자로부터 천식 교육 요구도를 심층 면담을 통해 조사하여 게임 내용에 반영하였다. 개발된 게임의 교육 효과를 평가하기 위해 게임을 경험해본 환아군(n=20)과 경험해 보지 않은 환아군(n=22) 사이의 천식 인식도를 설문 조사 방식으로 조사하였다. 결 과 : 개발된 게임은 보드 게임 형식으로 천식의 유발 및 악화 인자에 대한 인식과 회피 방법, 천식 증상, 유지 치료의 필요성 등을 내용을 포함하였다. 게임을 진행해 본 결과 초등학생 이상의 환자가 게임 방식과 내용을 쉽게 이해하고 진행할 수 있었으며, 약 2시간 정도의 비교적 긴 게임 시간에도 집중력을 유지하며 참여였다. 천식 인식도 점수는 게임을 경험해 본 환아군에서 평균 74.0±17.6점으로 경험해 보지 않은 환아군의 평균 55.0±17.1점에 비해 높은 수준을 보였다.(P=0.006) 결 론 : 저자들은 체계적인 과정을 통해 천식 교육을 위한 가족용 보드 게임을 개발하였다. 개발된 천식 교육용 보드 게임은 천식 인식도를 유의하게 향상시켰고 따라서 이를 통해 천식 관리 수준이 향상될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.
Abstract
Purpose : The education for self-management of asthma is considered as an essential component to control asthma and improve outcomes. This study aimed to develope an educational game for increasing knowledge of asthma management among children and their caregivers. Methods : Three subspecialists of pediatric allergy and respirology, 1 pediatrician, 3 pediatric residents and 15 medical students conducted this study. An instructional systemic design using analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation (ADDIE) model was applied in the entire process of game production. We surveyed the demands of asthma education in 19 caregivers of children who were in the treatment of asthma in Korea University Anam Hospital and reflected its results on the construction of game. For the evaluation of the objective effects of developed game, the comparison study was performed between the patients who had experienced the game (n=20) and those who had not (n=22) by using questionnaire about the knowledge of asthma. Results : The game was developed as a form of board game and had contents including precipitating factors, symptoms and treatment of asthma. The patients older than elementary student easily understood the mode and substances of game, and participated with their concentrations throughout approximately 2 hours’ operating time. In analysis of the knowledge level of asthma, the patients who had experienced board game showed significantly higher knowledge level than those who had not (74.0±17.6 vs. 55.0±17.1, P=0.006). Conclusions : We developed a family board game for the asthma education through the systematic production process. The board game may increase the knowledge level in asthmatic children, which would improve the ability of self-management.
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