농촌지역 인구규모에 따른 생활서비스 시설 입지 특성 분석 연구 - 일본 국토교통성의 생활서비스 유지ㆍ폐업선 도출 연구를 중심으로 -
Analyzing the Location Characteristics of Public Service Facilities Based on Rural Population Size - A Focus on Japan's Study on Service Facility Closure and Maintenance Thresholds -
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This study analyzes the location characteristics of public service facilities in rural areas affected by population decline and proposes closure and maintenance thresholds for these facilities, drawing on the methodology used by Japan's Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport, and Tourism. The study focuses on 17 types of public service facilities, including hospitals, clinics, pharmacies, elderly welfare centers, laundromats, bathhouses, convenience stores, cafes, financial institutions, high schools, libraries, and cinemas. Using 2020 population data from the Korean Statistical Information Service (KOSIS) and local government facility data, the analysis covers 1,403 townships to calculate the probability of facility existence based on population size. The results reveal that in areas with populations under 3,000, many service facilities fall below the closure threshold, indicating sustainability challenges. Moreover, the thresholds vary by facility type, with certain services like cinemas only being viable in areas with populations exceeding 10,000. This study offers policy insights for optimizing the distribution and investment of public service facilities in rural regions, and it can serve as a foundational resource for future rural development planning. However, the study is limited by its reliance on 2020 data, which may not fully capture recent population shifts or facility usage patterns, and by its focus on township-level analysis without considering regional accessibility or cross-border facility usage.
Abstract
This study analyzes the location characteristics of public service facilities in rural areas affected by population decline and proposes closure and maintenance thresholds for these facilities, drawing on the methodology used by Japan's Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport, and Tourism. The study focuses on 17 types of public service facilities, including hospitals, clinics, pharmacies, elderly welfare centers, laundromats, bathhouses, convenience stores, cafes, financial institutions, high schools, libraries, and cinemas. Using 2020 population data from the Korean Statistical Information Service (KOSIS) and local government facility data, the analysis covers 1,403 townships to calculate the probability of facility existence based on population size. The results reveal that in areas with populations under 3,000, many service facilities fall below the closure threshold, indicating sustainability challenges. Moreover, the thresholds vary by facility type, with certain services like cinemas only being viable in areas with populations exceeding 10,000. This study offers policy insights for optimizing the distribution and investment of public service facilities in rural regions, and it can serve as a foundational resource for future rural development planning. However, the study is limited by its reliance on 2020 data, which may not fully capture recent population shifts or facility usage patterns, and by its focus on township-level analysis without considering regional accessibility or cross-border facility usage.
참고문헌 (19)
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