초기 부적응적 스키마의 안정성 및 우울 증상과의 관련성 : 2년간의 추적 관찰 연구
Stability of Early Maladaptive Schemas and Their Relationships with Depressive Symptoms : A 2-Year Follow-Up Study
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초록
이번 연구를 통해 YSQ로 측정된 EMS는 중간 정도 이상의 강한 상대 안정성과 절대 안정성을 갖고 있는 것이 확인되었다. 우울 증상의 변화에 따라 결함/수치심, 의존/무능감의 스키마가 가장 크게 변화하여, 두 개의 스키마가 우울 증상의 발생과 회복에 밀접하게 기여하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 EMS가 특질적 특성과 상태적 특성을 동시에가진다는 이론을 지지하는 근거가 될 수 있다. 추후 보다 많은 일반 인구 집단 및 임상군을 대상으로 한연구를 통하여 스키마 치료에 대한 경험적 근거를 찾는 접근이 필요하겠다.
Abstract
Objectives Early maladaptive schemas (EMS) are assumed to be stable emotional and cognitive patterns that begin early in our development and are repeated throughout life. The primary aim of this study was to examine the two-year stability of EMS using the Young Schema Questionnaire (YSQ). In addition, we investigated the relationship between EMS and depressive symptoms over time. Methods Seventy-nine medical students completed the YSQ-short form 3, the Beck Depression Inventory, and the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised during their first and third years of medical school. Results After controlling for depression severity, YSQ subscales showed significant test-retest correlations for all of the subscales (r between 0.49 and 0.77, ps<0.001). Mean scores for all of the subscales did not differ significantly at retest, with the exception of a significant reduction of vulnerability to harm/illness (t=3.71, p<0.001). Concerning the relationship with depression, some YSQ subscales showed association with the severity of depressive symptoms at each time point, as well as changes between two time points. In particular, the schemas of Defectiveness/Shame and Dependence/Incompetence showed a strong association with changes of depressive symptoms. Conclusion These findings demonstrated that EMS measured using the YSQ may show con-siderable temporal stability over time, but, in part, may be affected by an individual’s state, such as depression.
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