소아청소년의 구강알레르기증후군을 중심으로 한 면역글로불린 E 매개 음식알레르기에 대한 고찰
Approach to children with IgE-mediated food allergy with a focus on oral allergy syndrome
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Abstract
Purpose: To assess the prevalence of food allergy, with a focus on oral allergy syndrome (OAS) in a population of children and to investigate relevant allergen sensitization associated with these adverse reactions. Methods: This study involved 1,660 children (aged 4 to 13 years) experiencing seasonal allergy symptoms, who were enrolled in the 2015 prospective Seongnam Atopy Project (SAP 2015) in a South Korean municipality. Parents completed a structured questionnaire to assess children with OAS, collecting information on the duration, severity, and factors related to symptoms. Skin prick tests (n=498) and blood sampling (n=464) were performed to measure allergic sensitizations, total eosinophil counts, and levels both total immunoglobulin E (IgE) and birch-specific IgE. Results: The prevalence of OAS among the children enrolled in this study was 4.4% (95% confidence interval, 3.7%–5.1%). The most common symptom was mouth itching (n=106, 65.0%), and the primary food allergen associated with symptoms was kiwi (n=48, 29.5%). Peanut sensitization (14.8% vs. 57.1%, P<0.001) and sensitization to other nut products (15.6% vs. 47.6%, P=0.001) were linked to a higher incidence of systemic reactions. Conclusion: The prevalence of 4.4% underscores the significant health impact of OAS, especially in children experiencing food allergy-related symptoms. Notably, common allergens, such as kiwi, and the potential for additional systemic reactions associated with this condition highlight the importance of raising awareness.
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