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고용관계와 건강불평등: 경로와 메커니즘에 관한 탐색

Employment Conditions and Inequalities in Health: Pathways and Mechanisms

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유연화와 탈규제를 중심으로 하는 노동시장의 개혁이 진행되면서 새로운 노동시장의 현실이 노동자들의 건강에 미치는 영향에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 이 글에서는 세계보건기구(World Health Organization, WHO)의 사회적결정요인위원회(Commission on Social Determinants of Health) 산하 고용조건지식네트워크(Employment Conditions Knowledge Network, EMCONET)의 작업에 기반하여 고용조건이 건강과 건강불평등에 영향을 미치는 경로와 메커니즘을 탐색한다. 이를 위하여 공정한 고용의 개념과 고용조건의 다섯 가지 차원 및 거시적 ․ 미시적인 이론적 분석틀을 제시하고 이들을 준거로 하여 기존의 경험적 연구성과를 개괄하고 검토한다. 이를 통해 기존 연구의 한계를 밝히고 향후 연구 과제를 도출하며, 결론적으로 고용조건에 의해 야기되는 건강불형평성을 감소시키기 위한 실천적 과제에 대한 논의를 진행한다.

Abstract

Based on the work of the WHO Commission on Social Determinants of Health’s Employment Conditions Network, this article describes and analyses the link between employment conditions and health inequalities using a comparative approach. More specifically, we present an overview of our macro- and micro-theoretical framework, a summary of the existing empirical evidence on the effect of employment conditions as cause of health inequalities, and a global typology of employment conditions and health. We end with a summary of scientific findings reviewed in this article, and suggestions for a direction for policy interventions to reduce health inequalities associated with employment conditions in countries at different levels of economic development.

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