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자기효능감과 자율성이 창업성공 가능성에 미치는 영향: 내재적 동기와 위험감수성의 매개역할을 중심으로

The Effect of Self-efficacy and Autonomy on the Possibility of Start-up Success: Focus on Mediation Role of Intrinsic Motivation and Risk Taking

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주제분류경영학

초록

창업자의 심리적 특성은 매우 중요한 창업성공요인이다. 이와 같이 그 중요성을 인식하고, 본 연구는 위험감수성을 비롯하여 자기효능감, 자율성, 내재적 동기와 같은 창업자의 심리적 특성을 창업성공 가능성 관점에서 이들 간의 인과관계를 매개역할 중심으로 고찰하였다. 이를 위해 창업보육기관에 입주한 기업의 창업자를 대상으로 실증 분석하였다. 분석 결과를 살펴보면, 첫째, 자기효능감과 자율성이 내재적 동기의 선행변수임을 알 수 있다. 둘째, 내재적 동기가 위험감수성에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 위험감수성이 창업성공 가능성을 높여주는 중요한 요인으로 밝혀졌다. 넷째, 본 연구의 핵심이라 할 수 있는 자기효능감 및 자율성과 위험감수성 간에 내재적 동기의 매개효과를 보였다. 뿐만 아니라, 내재적 동기와 창업성공 가능성 간에 위험감수성의 매개효과를 나타냈다. 다시 말해서, 위험감수성은 그 자체만으로도 창업성공 가능성을 높일 수 있는 영향요인일 뿐만 아니라, 자기효능감과 자율성을 선행변수로 한 내재적 동기가 창업성공 가능성을 더욱 높여 주는 매개역할도 한다는 것을 알 수 있다. 결론적으로 말해서, 창업성공 가능성을 높이기 위해서는 이상과 같은 창업자의 심리적 특성에 대한 중요성을 깊이 인식하고, 이를 더욱 강화시킬 수 있도록 심혈을 기울여야만 한다. 이에 따라 본 연구결과를 바탕으로, 창업성공요인 관점에서 창업자의 심리적 특성에 관한 이론 및 실무적 시사점을 제공하고자 한다.

Abstract

This research recognized the importance thereof and considered causal relationship among psychological characteristic factors including founders' self-efficacy, autonomy, intrinsic motivation, and risk taking for the possibility of start-up success, focusing on its mediation role. As the result of the analysis, first, self-efficacy and autonomy appeared to be leading variables of intrinsic motivation. Second, intrinsic motivation appeared to positively influence risk taking. Third, risk taking appeared to be an important factor which raised the possibility of start-up success. Fourth, mediating effect of intrinsic motivation appeared between self-efficacy, autonomy and risk taking, which are the core of the research. Also, mediating effect of risk taking appeared between intrinsic motivation and the possibility of start-up success. In other words, risk taking could be said to be the influence factor which itself could raise the possibility of start-up success, furthermore, the research derived the result that intrinsic motivation with the leading variables of self-efficacy and autonomy played a mediating role to raise the possibility of start-up success more. To conclude, in order to raise the possibility of start-up success, the importance of the above founders' psychological characteristic this way should be deeply recognized and earnestly considered. Accordingly, based on the result of this research, the researcher intended to provide theoretical and operational implication on founders' psychological characteristic from the viewpoint of start-up success factor.

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